The Indian Rupee (INR) edges higher on Friday despite the stronger US Dollar. India's boosted weight in the MSCI Emerging Market Index could lead to significant foreign investment, stabilizing the INR in the near term. However, the recovery of crude oil prices might cap the upside for the local currency as India is the world’s third-biggest oil importer and consumer.
The Indian GDP Quarterly for the first quarter of fiscal 2024-25 (FY25) is due on Friday, which is estimated to grow 6.9% YoY in Q1. On the US docket, the Personal Consumption Expenditure (PCE) inflation data will be in the spotlight as it could offer some hints as to whether the Fed will implement a 25 or 50 basis points (bps) rate cut at the upcoming September meeting.
The Indian Rupee trades stronger on the day. The USD/INR pair faced a rejection from the 84.00 barrier on Wednesday, but the bullish outlook remains intact as the pair is above the key 100-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) on the daily timeframe. However, further consolidation in the near term cannot be ruled out as the 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) hovers around the midline, indicating the neutral momentum for USD/INR.
The ascending trendline and psychological level of 84.00 appear to be a tough nut to crack for the pair. Sustained bullish momentum will see a rally to the record high of 84.24 en route to 84.50.
On the flip side, the first downside target is located near the low of August 20 at 83.77. Any follow-through selling will see a drop to the 100-day EMA at 83.61.
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies today. US Dollar was the weakest against the Japanese Yen.
USD | EUR | GBP | CAD | AUD | JPY | NZD | CHF | |
USD | 0.04% | 0.00% | -0.02% | -0.09% | -0.12% | -0.06% | 0.04% | |
EUR | -0.04% | -0.04% | -0.07% | -0.13% | -0.16% | -0.10% | -0.01% | |
GBP | 0.00% | 0.04% | -0.05% | -0.10% | -0.12% | -0.08% | 0.04% | |
CAD | 0.02% | 0.07% | 0.04% | -0.06% | -0.10% | -0.02% | 0.07% | |
AUD | 0.09% | 0.13% | 0.09% | 0.06% | -0.03% | 0.02% | 0.12% | |
JPY | 0.12% | 0.16% | 0.13% | 0.08% | 0.03% | 0.05% | 0.15% | |
NZD | 0.05% | 0.11% | 0.06% | 0.02% | -0.03% | -0.06% | 0.10% | |
CHF | -0.04% | 0.00% | -0.04% | -0.08% | -0.14% | -0.16% | -0.10% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Euro from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent EUR (base)/JPY (quote).
The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of Crude Oil (the country is highly dependent on imported Oil), the value of the US Dollar – most trade is conducted in USD – and the level of foreign investment, are all influential. Direct intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in FX markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are further major influencing factors on the Rupee.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in forex markets to maintain a stable exchange rate, to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI tries to maintain the inflation rate at its 4% target by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the Rupee. This is due to the role of the ‘carry trade’ in which investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so as to place their money in countries’ offering relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.
Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the Rupee include inflation, interest rates, the economic growth rate (GDP), the balance of trade, and inflows from foreign investment. A higher growth rate can lead to more overseas investment, pushing up demand for the Rupee. A less negative balance of trade will eventually lead to a stronger Rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates less inflation) are also positive for the Rupee. A risk-on environment can lead to greater inflows of Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment (FDI and FII), which also benefit the Rupee.
Higher inflation, particularly, if it is comparatively higher than India’s peers, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, leading to more Rupees being sold to purchase foreign imports, which is Rupee-negative. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates and this can be positive for the Rupee, due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true of lower inflation.
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