EUR/USD hovers in a tight range near the round-level figure of 1.0900 in Tuesday’s European session as the upside move stalls with a focus on Thursday's European Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy meeting. The major currency pair is broadly firm as investors expect the ECB will not deliver subsequent rate cuts.
The ECB is expected to leave its key rates unchanged as policymakers worry that an aggressive policy-easing approach could uplift price pressures again. In the last monetary policy meeting, the ECB forecasted the price pressures to remain at their current levels for the entire year.
As the ECB is expected to keep interest rates at their current levels, investors will focus on cues about when the central bank will cut interest rates again. Currently, financial markets expect that the ECB will cut interest rates two times more this year. The ECB is expected to deliver rate cuts in the September and December meetings.
On the economic data front, a sharp decline in the German ZEW Survey – Economic Sentiment for July has raised concerns over the economic outlook. The sentiment data, a key measure of the sentiment of institutional investors towards economic growth, falls at a faster pace to 41.8 from the estimates of 42.5 and the former release of 47.5. On the contrary, the other component, known as the Current Situation, surprisingly improves to -68.9. Economists expected the sentiment data to have worsened further to -74.3 and the prior release of -73.8
EUR/USD tests the breakout region of the Symmetrical Triangle formation on a daily timeframe near 1.0880. A breakout of the above-mentioned chart pattern results in wider ticks and heavy volume. The near-term outlook of the major currency pair is bullish as the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) near 1.0816 is sloping higher.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) shifts into the bullish range of 60.00-80.00, suggesting a strong upside momentum.
The Euro is the currency for the 20 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day. EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy. The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control. Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency. A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall. Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
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