The Australian Dollar (AUD) extends its gains for the second successive session on Tuesday. The decline in the US Dollar (USD) helps to support the AUD/USD pair. However, the AUD faced slight downward pressure following the release of the Westpac Consumer Confidence data from Australia, which dipped 1.8% to 84.4 in March 2024 from February's 86.0, easing from 20-month highs.
The Australian equity market found support from expectations of a rate cut, driven by a decline in the Aussie consumer confidence, contributing to the strength of the Australian Dollar. Despite modest weakness on Wall Street overnight, the ASX 200 Index extended its winning streak. Investors are anticipated to closely monitor the release of the Australian monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) data on Wednesday.
The US Dollar Index (DXY) experienced a second consecutive day of losses, largely attributed to declining US Treasury yields. Market sentiment is leaning towards expectations of the Federal Reserve (Fed) commencing an easing cycle, with speculations pointing towards a potential start in June.
The Australian Dollar trades near 0.6550 on Tuesday. If it surpasses this level, it could encounter immediate resistance around the major barrier of 0.6550, in conjunction with the nine-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) at 0.6554. A successful breakthrough above this level might propel the AUD/USD pair to test the 38.2% Fibonacci retracement level at 0.6565. On the downside, if the price retreats, a significant support level lies at the psychological mark of 0.6500, followed by March’s low at 0.6477.
The table below shows the percentage change of Australian Dollar (AUD) against listed major currencies today. Australian Dollar was the strongest against the Swiss Franc.
USD | EUR | GBP | CAD | AUD | JPY | NZD | CHF | |
USD | -0.05% | -0.04% | -0.05% | -0.12% | -0.04% | -0.14% | 0.02% | |
EUR | 0.05% | 0.03% | 0.00% | -0.08% | 0.00% | -0.10% | 0.06% | |
GBP | 0.04% | -0.01% | -0.01% | -0.08% | 0.00% | -0.09% | 0.06% | |
CAD | 0.06% | 0.00% | 0.01% | -0.07% | 0.01% | -0.09% | 0.07% | |
AUD | 0.12% | 0.08% | 0.09% | 0.08% | 0.09% | -0.02% | 0.14% | |
JPY | 0.03% | 0.00% | -0.01% | -0.02% | -0.07% | -0.09% | 0.05% | |
NZD | 0.14% | 0.09% | 0.10% | 0.09% | 0.02% | 0.11% | 0.16% | |
CHF | -0.01% | -0.06% | -0.06% | -0.07% | -0.13% | -0.04% | -0.15% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Euro from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent EUR (base)/JPY (quote).
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate, and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods, and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
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