Gold price (XAU/USD) extended its rally on Wednesday as Federal Reserve (Fed) policymakers continue favoring steady interest rates at the 5.25 to 5.50% range through year-end. The precious metal is also capitalizing on the deepening conflict between Israel and Hamas, which could extend beyond Gaza. Investors should be prepared for volatility in the Gold price ahead as Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) minutes from the September meeting and Producer Price Index (PPI) data for the same month are due.
Bullion remained the first choice of investment this week as Fed policymakers signaled support for an unchanged interest rate policy due to a multi-year high in US Treasury yields. FOMC members expect that higher bond yields could be substituted for further rate-tightening as the pace of spending and investment could slow down due to higher borrowing costs.
Gold price prints a fresh weekly high at $1,870.00 as long-term Treasury yields move down from a multi-year peak. The precious metal recovers close to the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) at $1,871.00, but the market’s mood could turn volatile amid a data-packed week. The yellow metal remains broadly bearish, trading below the 200-day EMA. Momentum oscillators rebounded swiftly after turning oversold.
Monetary policy in the US is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, it raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs throughout the economy. This results in a stronger US Dollar (USD) as it makes the US a more attractive place for international investors to park their money.
When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing, which weighs on the Greenback.
The Federal Reserve (Fed) holds eight policy meetings a year, where the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) assesses economic conditions and makes monetary policy decisions.
The FOMC is attended by twelve Fed officials – the seven members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the remaining eleven regional Reserve Bank presidents, who serve one-year terms on a rotating basis.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve may resort to a policy named Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used during crises or when inflation is extremely low. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy high grade bonds from financial institutions. QE usually weakens the US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process of QE, whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing, to purchase new bonds. It is usually positive for the value of the US Dollar.
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