Gold price (XAU/USD) holds onto a fresh weekly high, supported by the cautious market mood that is a product of the deepening Israel-Hamas conflict. The Israeli army responded to Hamas’ Saturday incursion with airstrikes on the Gaza Strip. Neutral commentary from Federal Reserve (Fed) policymakers has increased the perception that the central bank has finished raising interest rates.
Fed policymakers are worried about rising Treasury yields and warned that the central bank needs to be careful with interest rates as further policy-tightening could damage financial conditions. The US Dollar has failed to capitalize on Middle East tensions and is expected to remain under pressure ahead of the Producer Price Index (PPI) data for September and Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) minutes.
Gold price refreshed its weekly high at $1,860.00 on Tuesday amid a data-packed week and risk-aversion theme due to the Israel-Hamas conflict. The precious metal formed a wide Bullish Belthold candlestick pattern on Monday, which indicates a sharp recovery after a prolonged sell-off. Momentum oscillators have rebounded strongly after turning extremely oversold.
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy for the region.
The ECB primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means keeping inflation at around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is by raising or lowering interest rates. Relatively high interest rates will usually result in a stronger Euro and vice versa.
The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
In extreme situations, the European Central Bank can enact a policy tool called Quantitative Easing. QE is the process by which the ECB prints Euros and uses them to buy assets – usually government or corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Euro.
QE is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the objective of price stability. The ECB used it during the Great Financial Crisis in 2009-11, in 2015 when inflation remained stubbornly low, as well as during the covid pandemic.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE. It is undertaken after QE when an economic recovery is underway and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the European Central Bank (ECB) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to provide them with liquidity, in QT the ECB stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive (or bullish) for the Euro.
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