The Euro (EUR) is displaying signs of increased weakness relative to the US Dollar (USD), leading to EUR/USD to drop to the 1.0530 zone following three consecutive sessions of gains.
In contrast, the Greenback is reclaiming ground lost and revisiting the 106.30 region when gauged by the USD Index (DXY) in response to the prevailing risk-off sentiment in the global markets at the beginning of the week.
Regarding monetary policy, investors currently anticipate that the Federal Reserve (Fed) will maintain its interest rates at their current levels for the remainder of the year. Simultaneously, there is ongoing speculation in the market about the possibility of the European Central Bank (ECB) pausing its policy adjustments, despite inflation levels surpassing the bank's target and mounting concerns about the potential for a future recession or stagflation in the European region.
On the domestic calendar, Industrial Production in Germany contracted at a monthly 0.2% in August.
The US docket will be empty on Columbus Day holiday, while investors’ attention is expected to be on speeches by Dallas Fed Lorie Logan (voter, hawk), FOMC Governor Michael Barr (permanent voter, centrist) and FOMC Governor Philip Jefferson (permanent voter, centrist).
EUR/USD resumes the downside and corrects lower from peaks around 1.0600 the figure.
The continuation of selling pressure on EUR/USD might result in a review of the 2023 low at 1.0448 (October 3), with a challenge of the crucial round mark of 1.0400. If this level is breached, it may pave the way for a retest of the weekly lows of 1.0290 (November 30, 2022) and 1.0222. (November 30, 2022).
If the pair gains momentum, it may aim for the next upward hurdle at 1.0617 (September 29), followed by the important 200-day SMA at 1.0823. If this level is breached, the weekly high at 1.0945 (August 30) and the psychological hurdle of 1.1000 may be tested. If the pair breaks beyond the August peak of 1.1064 (August 10), it might reach the weekly high of 1.1149 (July 27) and perhaps the 2023 peak of 1.1275. (July 18).
However, it is critical to remember that as long as the EUR/USD remains below the 200-day SMA, additional negative pressure is possible.
The Euro is the currency for the 20 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day.
EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy.
The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa.
The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control.
Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency.
A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall.
Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period.
If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
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