The Euro (EUR) is showing signs of further strength against the US Dollar (USD), motivating EUR/USD to advance to multi-day highs near 1.0550 at the end of the week.
Meanwhile, the Greenback sheds further ground and revisits the 106.30 when tracked by the USD Index (DXY) on the back of extra improvement in the sentiment surrounding the risk-associated universe, despite the tepid rebound in US yields across the curve.
In terms of monetary policy, investors now see the Federal Reserve (Fed) keeping its interest rates unchanged in the latter part of the year. At the same time, market speculation continues about the European Central Bank (ECB) potentially pausing policy adjustments, despite inflation levels surpassing the bank's target and growing concerns about a future recession or stagflation in the region.
On the euro calendar, Factory Orders in Germany expanded at a monthly 3.9% in August, while Retail Sales in Italy contracted 0.4% inter-month also in August.
In the US data space, all the attention will be on the release of September’s Nonfarm Payrolls and the Unemployment Rate. In addition, Consumer Credit Change for the month of August are also due, along with a speech by FOMC Governor Christopher Waller (permanent voter, hawk).
EUR/USD regains the smile and advances further north of 1.0500 the figure so far on Friday.
The potential resumption of selling pressure on EUR/USD may lead to a revisit of the 2023 low at 1.0448 (October 3), with the possibility of testing the significant round level of 1.0400. If this level is surpassed, it could open the door for a potential retest of the weekly lows at 1.0290 (November 30, 2022) and 1.0222 (November 30, 2022).
On the other hand, if the pair continues to gain momentum, it could target the next upside barrier at 1.0617 (September 29), followed by the critical 200-day SMA at 1.0823. Breaking beyond this level might lead to a test of the weekly high at 1.0945 (August 30), as well as the psychological threshold of 1.1000. Should the pair trespass the August peak of 1.1064 (August 10), it could encounter the weekly top of 1.1149 (July 27) and even the 2023 peak at 1.1275 (July 18).
However, it is essential to bear in mind that as long as the EUR/USD remains below the 200-day SMA, there is a possibility of further bearish pressure.
The Euro is the currency for the 20 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day.
EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy.
The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa.
The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control.
Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency.
A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall.
Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period.
If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
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