Gold price (XAU/USD) trades back and forth as investors are sidelined ahead of the United States Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report. The precious metal struggles to deliver a decisive move as the labor market report will set a fresh undertone for the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) September monetary policy. Preliminary consensus is in favor of further resilience in the labor market despite aggressive rate-tightening by the central bank and tight credit conditions.
Thursday’s economic calendar failed to trigger action in the Gold price despite the US Services PMI underperforming in July and the labor cost index growing at a slower pace in the April-June quarter. US factory activities are already in a contracting phase, therefore, resilience in the labor market seldom is a holding hand with the US Dollar and a restrictive measure for the Gold price.
Gold price oscillates in a narrow range above the crucial support of $1,930.00 as investors await US NFP for further guidance. The precious metal is exposed to the further downside amid a breakdown of the Head and Shoulders chart pattern on a smaller time frame. The yellow metal trades below the 20 and 50-day Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs), which portrays a bearish trend.
Monetary policy in the US is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, it raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs throughout the economy. This results in a stronger US Dollar (USD) as it makes the US a more attractive place for international investors to park their money.
When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing, which weighs on the Greenback.
The Federal Reserve (Fed) holds eight policy meetings a year, where the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) assesses economic conditions and makes monetary policy decisions.
The FOMC is attended by twelve Fed officials – the seven members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the remaining eleven regional Reserve Bank presidents, who serve one-year terms on a rotating basis.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve may resort to a policy named Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used during crises or when inflation is extremely low. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy high grade bonds from financial institutions. QE usually weakens the US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process of QE, whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing, to purchase new bonds. It is usually positive for the value of the US Dollar.
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