The US Dollar (USD) is being sold again against most of its peers as most notable losses for the Greenback are against Korean Won – down 1% intraday – and UK’s Pound Sterling – down 0.60%. The weaker USD has been influenced by a surprise rate cut by China People’s Bank Of China (PBOC) cutting its 7-day Reverse Repo rate to 1.9% from 2% and committing to further stimulus for the much-battered construction sector. Additionally to the move, traders are reducing a bit of risk against the Greenback, maybe anticipating a lower-than-expected US Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation print later in the trading session.
For that US CPI release, the market is expecting a drop on all fronts, with the most notable being the headline CPI YoY figure, which is set to drop from previous 4.9% to 4.1%, according to market consensus. Lowest estimate for that number is 4.0% while the highest estimate is for 4.3%. Expect to see a big move downward in the US Dollar Index should the actual number come out at 4.1% or lower. An inverse result of course should US CPI come out at 4.3% or higher, the US Dollar would rally higher in the likelihood that the Fed will need to do more rate hikes than projected at the moment.
The US Dollar is showing further signs of weakening as almost every currency in the Dollar Index (DXY) is gaining traction against the Greenback. That floor at 103 really comes close now and could see a firm break on the back of the US CPI numbers later this Tuesday.
On the upside, 105.44 (200-day SMA) still acts as a long-term price target to hit, as the next upside key level for the US Dollar Index is at 105.00 (psychological, static level), and acts as an intermediary element to cross the open space.
On the downside, 103.02 (100-day SMA) aligns as the first support level to confirm a change of trend. In the case that breaks down, watch how the DXY reacts at the 55-day SMA at 102.55 in order to assess any further downturn or upturn.
Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.
Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it.
Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.
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