The Mexican Peso depreciated sharply against the Greenback on Friday and recorded new yearly highs of 20.29, above the former 20.22 peak late in the North American session, set to print weekly losses of over 1.50%. A busy schedule on both sides of the Bravo River saw upbeat figures in Mexico. Conversely, US job data was dismal, while manufacturing activity was contracted. The USD/MXN trades at 20.26, up by 1.20%.
Mexico’s schedule revealed that Business Confidence improved in October, while the Unemployment Rate remained below the 3% threshold. S&P Global revealed that manufacturing activity continued to expand. Foreign exchange reserves ticked higher, announced the Bank of Mexico (Banxico), which revealed its private poll that showed most economists foresee the economy growing half of the estimated in January, at a 1.4% pace.
In the US, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) released October’s Nonfarm payroll figures, which were worse than foreseen. The BLS mentioned that several hurricanes and union strikes were to blame for the dismal report. After that, the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Manufacturing PMI fell to its lowest level since July 2023.
The USD/MXN soared after the data, boosted by the US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the American currency against six other currencies. The index rose 0.41% to 104.31. The buck was underpinned by a late jump in US Treasury yields, with the 10-year T-note ending at 4.38%, up ten basis points in the day.
Aside from this, the upcoming US Presidential Elections could pressure the emerging market currency. The close race for the White House between former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris keeps investors nervous, which, according to Bloomberg, piled into long US Dollar positions ahead of the result.
As commented in the previous report, the USD/MXN finally exploded to the upside, recording a new yearly high. This has cleared the path to challenge the 20.50 figure, followed by the September 28, 2022, high at 20.57 and the August 2, 2022, peak at 20.82. Once surpassed, the next stop would be March 8, 2022, swing high at 21.46.
Conversely, if USD/MXN tumbles below 20.00, the next support would be the October 24 daily low of 19.74, followed by the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 19.62.
The Mexican Peso (MXN) is the most traded currency among its Latin American peers. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Mexican economy, the country’s central bank’s policy, the amount of foreign investment in the country and even the levels of remittances sent by Mexicans who live abroad, particularly in the United States. Geopolitical trends can also move MXN: for example, the process of nearshoring – or the decision by some firms to relocate manufacturing capacity and supply chains closer to their home countries – is also seen as a catalyst for the Mexican currency as the country is considered a key manufacturing hub in the American continent. Another catalyst for MXN is Oil prices as Mexico is a key exporter of the commodity.
The main objective of Mexico’s central bank, also known as Banxico, is to maintain inflation at low and stable levels (at or close to its target of 3%, the midpoint in a tolerance band of between 2% and 4%). To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, Banxico will attempt to tame it by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for households and businesses to borrow money, thus cooling demand and the overall economy. Higher interest rates are generally positive for the Mexican Peso (MXN) as they lead to higher yields, making the country a more attractive place for investors. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken MXN.
Macroeconomic data releases are key to assess the state of the economy and can have an impact on the Mexican Peso (MXN) valuation. A strong Mexican economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for MXN. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the Bank of Mexico (Banxico) to increase interest rates, particularly if this strength comes together with elevated inflation. However, if economic data is weak, MXN is likely to depreciate.
As an emerging-market currency, the Mexican Peso (MXN) tends to strive during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and thus are eager to engage with investments that carry a higher risk. Conversely, MXN tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Friday's trading saw the NZD/JPY pair continue its sideways movement of the past sessions. The pair exhibits a range-bound pattern with no significant upward or downward spikes. By the end of the week the cross mildly rose to 91.20, but the outlook remains neutral.
Technical indicators provide mixed signals regarding the NZD/JPY's future direction. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) sits at 53, indicating positive territory for the pair. The upward slope of the RSI suggests a steady buying pressure. However, the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) shows signs of increasing selling pressure, with rising red bars in the histogram.
Support levels lie at 91.00 (20-day Simple Moving Average (SMA)), 90.70, and 90.50. Conversely, resistance levels are found at 91.30, 91.50, and 91.70. These levels define the range within which the NZD/JPY has been trading recently.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) posted solid gains of close to almost 300 points or 0.71% on Friday, on softer-than-expected economic data, reinforcing investors' hypothesis of further easing by the Federal Reserve. Wall Street made a U-turn following Thursday’s losses and rallied sharply ahead of the weekend.
Data revealed by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) showed that strong hurricanes and union strikes distorted Nonfarm Payrolls in October. The US economy created 12K jobs, below the 113K estimated. Despite this, the unemployment rate remained at 4.1%, as traders braced for other data.
The Institute for Supply Management (ISM) recently revealed that manufacturing activity fell for the seventh consecutive month, hitting its lowest level since July 2023. The ISM Manufacturing PMI dipped from 47.2 to 46.5, missing forecasts of 47.6.
Meanwhile, Wall Street posted solid gains, with the S&P 500 following the Dow Jones’ upward path, gaining over 0.63% to 5741.45, while the Nasdaq climbed 0.75% up to 18,230.29.
Next week, the US economic docket will be busy with the US Presidential Elections on November 5. Traders will also be eyeing the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy on November 6-7 and will scrutinize Fed Chair Jerome Powell's speech.The CME FedWatch Tool shows odds for a 25 bps rate cut by the Fed reaching 95%, down from 97% a day ago. This would leave rates in the 4.50%-4.75% range.
In stock news, Amazon (AMZN) is up 6.5%, bolstered by strong retail sales, which lifted its profits above estimates. Apple (APPL) was hit by a drop in sales in China and fell 1.5%, while Chevron (CVX) exceeded estimates on profits per share, production, and sales. Meanwhile, Boeing (BA) shareholders were relieved as the stock climbed 3%, and the ongoing strike is nearing an end.
The stocks leading the pack in Dow Jones are Intel (INTC), up 6.92% at $23.01 a share, closely followed by Amazon, up 6.02% at $197.62, and Boeing, up 2.99% at $153.77. The laggards are Apple shares, down 1.63% at $222.22; Verizon (VZ), losing 1.51% at $41.50; and the Dow (DOW), with its share price at $48.87, losing 1.03%.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average has risen above 42,000 after hitting a weekly low of 41,692 below the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 41,943. Initially, this increased the chances to challenge the September 2 high turned support at 41,564 ahead of the 41,000 area. However, buyers emerged and lifted the US equity index higher ahead of next week’s US Presidential Elections.
If the Dow Jones posts a daily close above 42,000 buyers, it could remain hopeful of challenging the October 30 low, which turned resistance at 42,122. Once cleared, the next stop would be October 31, high 42,460. On further strength, 42,500 could be reached before testing 43,000.
Momentum is bearish, with the Relative Strength Index (RSI) remaining below its neutral line. But, in the short-term, a small spike threatening to cross the neutral line hints that buyers are gathering steam.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average, one of the oldest stock market indices in the world, is compiled of the 30 most traded stocks in the US. The index is price-weighted rather than weighted by capitalization. It is calculated by summing the prices of the constituent stocks and dividing them by a factor, currently 0.152. The index was founded by Charles Dow, who also founded the Wall Street Journal. In later years it has been criticized for not being broadly representative enough because it only tracks 30 conglomerates, unlike broader indices such as the S&P 500.
Many different factors drive the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA). The aggregate performance of the component companies revealed in quarterly company earnings reports is the main one. US and global macroeconomic data also contributes as it impacts on investor sentiment. The level of interest rates, set by the Federal Reserve (Fed), also influences the DJIA as it affects the cost of credit, on which many corporations are heavily reliant. Therefore, inflation can be a major driver as well as other metrics which impact the Fed decisions.
Dow Theory is a method for identifying the primary trend of the stock market developed by Charles Dow. A key step is to compare the direction of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and the Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA) and only follow trends where both are moving in the same direction. Volume is a confirmatory criteria. The theory uses elements of peak and trough analysis. Dow’s theory posits three trend phases: accumulation, when smart money starts buying or selling; public participation, when the wider public joins in; and distribution, when the smart money exits.
There are a number of ways to trade the DJIA. One is to use ETFs which allow investors to trade the DJIA as a single security, rather than having to buy shares in all 30 constituent companies. A leading example is the SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF (DIA). DJIA futures contracts enable traders to speculate on the future value of the index and Options provide the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the index at a predetermined price in the future. Mutual funds enable investors to buy a share of a diversified portfolio of DJIA stocks thus providing exposure to the overall index.
The US Dollar Index (DXY), which measures the value of the USD against a basket of six currencies, rebounded intraday despite the weak jobs data as annual wage inflation rose to 4%, indicating that inflationary pressures remain elevated. In the meantime, markets remain almost fully expecting a 25 basis-point-cut by the Federal Reserve (Fed) next week. On the data front, ISM PMIs also came in mixed from September.
The DXY continues to trade sideways near 104.00. Despite persistent inflation, weak job growth data raises expectations of a less hawkish Fed stance, which might start to weaken the USD.
The index retested the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) support at 104.15 and buyers successfully defended it. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is pointing down, still near overbought territory, and the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) is printing lower green bars, indicating bearish momentum. In that sense, if buyers show resilience it may present better around the mentioned SMA.
Key support levels include 104.15, 104.05, and 104.00, while resistance is encountered at 104.70, 104.90, and 105.00. Traders monitor these levels closely for breakout opportunities.
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022. Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates. When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
The USD/CAD currency pair saw a mild decline in Friday's session, reaching a low of 1.3920. Positive labor market data in the United States, including a steady Unemployment Rate and rising Average Hourly Earnings, initially weighed on the USD, but the currency later recovered its losses. A weaker-than-expected ISM Manufacturing PMI also influenced market sentiment.
Additionally, expectations of further interest rate cuts by the Bank of Canada (BoC) continue to exert downward pressure on the Canadian Dollar.
The Relative Strength Index (RSI) is in the overbought area with a value of 76, however, the RSIhas formed a declining slope. This suggests that buying pressure is declining, similar to the direction given by the lower green bars of the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD).
Supports: 1.3870, 1.3850, 1.3830, Resistances: 1.3930, 1.3950, 1.3980.
The key factors driving the Canadian Dollar (CAD) are the level of interest rates set by the Bank of Canada (BoC), the price of Oil, Canada’s largest export, the health of its economy, inflation and the Trade Balance, which is the difference between the value of Canada’s exports versus its imports. Other factors include market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – with risk-on being CAD-positive. As its largest trading partner, the health of the US economy is also a key factor influencing the Canadian Dollar.
The Bank of Canada (BoC) has a significant influence on the Canadian Dollar by setting the level of interest rates that banks can lend to one another. This influences the level of interest rates for everyone. The main goal of the BoC is to maintain inflation at 1-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively higher interest rates tend to be positive for the CAD. The Bank of Canada can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former CAD-negative and the latter CAD-positive.
The price of Oil is a key factor impacting the value of the Canadian Dollar. Petroleum is Canada’s biggest export, so Oil price tends to have an immediate impact on the CAD value. Generally, if Oil price rises CAD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Oil falls. Higher Oil prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance, which is also supportive of the CAD.
While inflation had always traditionally been thought of as a negative factor for a currency since it lowers the value of money, the opposite has actually been the case in modern times with the relaxation of cross-border capital controls. Higher inflation tends to lead central banks to put up interest rates which attracts more capital inflows from global investors seeking a lucrative place to keep their money. This increases demand for the local currency, which in Canada’s case is the Canadian Dollar.
Macroeconomic data releases gauge the health of the economy and can have an impact on the Canadian Dollar. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the CAD. A strong economy is good for the Canadian Dollar. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the Bank of Canada to put up interest rates, leading to a stronger currency. If economic data is weak, however, the CAD is likely to fall.
The Pound Sterling erased some of its Thursday’s losses against the Greenback and rose 0.56% above its opening price after a dismal US jobs report reassured investors the Federal Reserve would continue to ease policy. At the time of writing, the GBP/USD trades at1.2970
The GBP/USD is forming a ‘bullish harami’ candle pattern, which hints the pair could test the previous day's high of 1.2999, opening the door to test the 1.3000 figure. However, strong resistance lies overhead at the 100-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 1.2977, which if decisively broken, 1.3000 would be up next.
On further strength, the pair can rise to the current week’s high at 1.3043—the October 30 high—before reaching 1.3100.
If GBP/USD fails to clear the 100-day SMA, a drop toward 1.2900 is on the cards. The next key support is seen at the 200-day SMA at 1.2808.
Oscillators suggests that buyers are gathering momentum, but with the Relative Strength Index (RSI) still far from reaching neutral levels,
The table below shows the percentage change of British Pound (GBP) against listed major currencies today. British Pound was the strongest against the Swiss Franc.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | 0.29% | -0.49% | 0.58% | -0.11% | 0.14% | -0.04% | 0.71% | |
EUR | -0.29% | -0.79% | 0.30% | -0.40% | -0.14% | -0.31% | 0.40% | |
GBP | 0.49% | 0.79% | 1.09% | 0.39% | 0.65% | 0.47% | 1.16% | |
JPY | -0.58% | -0.30% | -1.09% | -0.68% | -0.43% | -0.61% | 0.10% | |
CAD | 0.11% | 0.40% | -0.39% | 0.68% | 0.24% | 0.09% | 0.77% | |
AUD | -0.14% | 0.14% | -0.65% | 0.43% | -0.24% | -0.17% | 0.51% | |
NZD | 0.04% | 0.31% | -0.47% | 0.61% | -0.09% | 0.17% | 0.68% | |
CHF | -0.71% | -0.40% | -1.16% | -0.10% | -0.77% | -0.51% | -0.68% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the British Pound from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent GBP (base)/USD (quote).
We think the bar is high for a 75bps OCR cut given the prevailing economic backdrop. Inflation in New Zealand is back within the target band, driven by disinflation in tradables. But non-tradables inflation remains stubbornly high; housing and insurance among the sticky components. NZD to underperform on rising odds of a Trump-Republican sweep and dovish RBNZ expectations, Standard Chartered’s economists Bader Al Sarraf and Nicholas Chia note.
“Inflation, at 2.2% y/y in Q3-2024 (3.3% in Q2) – a touch softer than the Reserve Bank of New Zealand’s (RBNZ’s) 2.3% forecast – is back within the central bank’s 1-3% target band. This has led markets to anticipate more aggressive rate cuts, with latest market pricing indicating c.57bps of easing at the 27 November; this equates to around a 30% implied probability of a 75bps cut.”
“Historically, the RBNZ has tended to favour larger official cash rate (OCR) adjustments during periods of significant market shocks and economic surprises (Figure 1). During past crises, such as the Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, the RBNZ responded with outsized OCR cuts of up to 150bps. Conversely, the Q3-2022 CPI that printed 0.8ppt above RBNZ forecasts led to a 75bps hike.”
“We do not think that the prevailing growth and inflation backdrop necessitates an outsized policy rate cut. While a 75bps cut cannot be ruled out at the November meeting, we think the bar for such a move is high, and we maintain our call for a 50bps cut. We expect the RBNZ to tread cautiously at this stage when contemplating further rate cuts, balancing the risks of an unintended boost to the housing market and NZD instability – both of which are key factors influencing the transmission of monetary policy to CPI inflation.”
EUR/CAD rallies and pierces decisively above the slanting roof of the price pattern it had been trading in since the beginning of August. This is a bullish sign and if price follows through higher it could make a significant advance.
A break above 151.72 (November 1 high) might confirm a continuation higher, probably to an initial target at 152.28, the August 5 high, followed by 1.5312, the 61.8% Fibonnacci price projection of the height of the pattern at its widest part, from the breakout point higher.
The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) momentum indicator has risen above the zero line and is currently supportive of the bullish outlook.
A bearish close on Friday, however, would also form a two-bar reversal pattern, which occurs after a rally when a long green up day is followed by a long red down day of a similar length. This is a bearish short-term reversal pattern and could indicate a deeper correction temporarily clouds the outlook.
The USD/CAD pair corrects mildly to near the round-level support of 1.3900 in Friday’s New York session. The Loonie asset drops after the release of the United States (US) Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October, which showed lower job additions at 12K against the estimates of 113K and the former release of 223K in September, downwardly revised from 254K.
Fresh payroll data appears to be in sharp contrast against the ongoing recruitment trend due to hurricanes in Florida and strikes in the aerospace industry.
The Unemployment Rate remained steady at 4.1%, as expected. Also, Average Hourly Earnings rose expectedly by 4.0%.
The immediate effect of the labor market data was bearish on the US Dollar (USD), while it recovered all intraday losses. The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, strives to gain ground above 104.00.
Meanwhile, the ISM Manufacturing PMI for October has come in surprisingly weak. The Manufacturing PMI, which represents activities in the manufacturing sector, declined to 46.5. Economists expected the index to continue to contract but at a slower pace to 47.6 from 47.2 in September.
In the Canadian region, rising expectations of more interest rate cuts by the Bank of Canada (BoC) continue to weigh on the Canadian Dollar (CAD). The BoC has already reduced its key borrowing rates by 125 basis points (bps) to 3.75% this year.
The tiny 12k payroll employment gain in October was heavily distorted by the impact of hurricanes, a large strike in the manufacturing sector, and an unusually low initial survey response rate, RBC’ economists note.
“The unemployment rate was likely a 'cleaner' read on labour markets in October, and it was unchanged from September and still slightly below levels in the summer.”
“Underlying details are still consistent with a softening in labour markets - permanent layoffs rose and downward revisions knocked 112k off payroll employment growth in August and September - but still at a very gradual pace that is consistent with a 'normalization' from unusually low unemployment levels rather than a faltering.”
“Interest rates are still likely higher than they need to be for inflation to return fully back to the Fed’s 2% inflation target, and today's data helps to reinforce our expectation that the Fed will cut rates by 25 basis points next week.”
EUR/JPY is pulling back after rising above the ceiling of its multi-month range and breaking above the cluster of major moving averages lying just above.
The short and medium-term trends are bullish suggesting the odds favor more upside to come and a resumption of the uptrend. A break above 166.69 (October 31 high) would probably confirm a continuation higher.
Resistance at 167.96 (July 30 swing high) could act as a barrier to further upside. The minimum target for the breakout from the range lies at 169.68, the 61.8% Fibonacci extrapolation of the height of the range to the upside.
The Relative Strength Index (RSI) momentum indicator is not yet in the overbought zone (above 70) suggesting the pair has room to go higher.
The business activity in the US manufacturing sector continued to contract at an accelerating pace in October, with the ISM Manufacturing PMI falling to 46.5 from 47.2 in September. This reading came in below the market expectation of 47.6.
The Employment Index of the PMI survey edged slightly higher to 44.4 from 43.9 in the same period and the Prices Paid Index rose sharply to 54.8 from 48.3. Finally, the New Orders Index improved to 47.1 from 46.1.
The US Dollar Index stays in its daily range at around 104.00 after the ISM Manufacturing PMI data.
The outcome of the US presidential election is also likely to have an impact on the oil market. However, the Trump effect on prices is rather unclear here, so that only concrete measures are likely to move prices, Commerzbank’s commodity analyst Barbara Lambrecht notes.
“In the short term, the oil price will be determined by the production plans of the eight OPEC+ countries, which had committed themselves to voluntary cuts of 2.2 million barrels per day almost a year ago. At the beginning of September, they had announced that they would start to reopen the oil tap from December onwards, month by month, by a total of around 180,000 barrels per day.”
“However, according to the Reuters news agency, sources close to OPEC have indicated that this production increase will be postponed again by at least one month. This would likely mean that the decision would be postponed until 1 December, when the oil ministers of the cartel will hold their next regular meeting to decide on next year's production strategy.”
“Although most of the production cuts are fixed until the end of 2025, a withdrawal of the voluntary cuts could result in an oversupply that would put further pressure on prices. If the postponement is announced at the beginning of next week, this should support prices. However, they are unlikely to rise significantly, as China's crude oil imports, which are due to be published on Thursday, are likely to bring demand concerns back into focus. A price increase would be likely if Iran were to attack Israel again in the coming days.”
EUR/GBP pulls back after peaking in the 0.8440s. On Tuesday it bounced off key support (gray dashed line) at multi-year lows and surged over a penny higher. In the process it completed a three-wave, zig-zag-shaped pattern, with waves labeled a,b and c.
It is possible this pattern is just a common three-wave abc correction. If so, this could imply the correction is now probably finished, that price will roll over, and return to the base of the consolidation and the multi-year low.
However, the speed and strength of the move higher witnessed over the last few days suggests EUR/GBP may not just be correcting, but rather that it could be starting a new short-term uptrend.
The test of whether this is the case or not, will be to see whether price can now break above the top of wave c at 0.8448 (green resistance level on chart). If it can, it will have formed a third higher high and established a new sequence of rising peaks and troughs, heralding the start of a new uptrend. Give the technical analysis principle that “the trend is your friend” the odds would then favor further upside to come.
If pierce cannot make a new higher high above wave c, it is possible EUR/GBP will decline again as it continues unfolding its sideways range-bound trend.
The Pound Sterling (GBP) is trading marginally higher while Gilts remain soft (but off earlier lows) in the wake of Wednesday’s budget, Scotiabank’s Chief FX Strategist Shaun Osborne notes.
“Markets continue to think a 25bps reduction in the BoE’s target rate on November 7th is likely but expectations have been pared back to 80% risk of a cut next week.”
“The GBP got roughed up on Thursday but price action suggests the pressure is abating. A solid rally off the intraday low yesterday put in a bug, bullish “hammer” pattern on the intraday chart, delivering some grinding gains for the pound which is keeping the intraday range today well inside yesterday’s—a clear consolidation signal.”
“Major support is developing now around 1.2840. Resistance is 1.2940/45 and (stronger) 1.30.”
Oil prices are appreciating for the third consecutive day on renewed concerns about escalating tensions in the Middle East. The US benchmark WTI has reached weekly highs at $71.40 after returning to the $70.50 area.
News reporting that Iran is considering an attack on Israel from Iraqi territory have reactivated fears of a regional war in the area that might curb global crude supply, boosting Oil higher.
Apart from that, Reuters informed on Thursday that the OPEC+ countries might delay the output increase originally planned for December by at least a month.
The plan to increase crude output by 180,000 barrels per day had already been delayed from its original date, in October, due to the low prices.
On Friday, the US Dollar is showing a somewhat firmer pace, with investors cautious ahead of the release of October’s employment report. This is also weighing on Oil’s rally.
WTI Oil is a type of Crude Oil sold on international markets. The WTI stands for West Texas Intermediate, one of three major types including Brent and Dubai Crude. WTI is also referred to as “light” and “sweet” because of its relatively low gravity and sulfur content respectively. It is considered a high quality Oil that is easily refined. It is sourced in the United States and distributed via the Cushing hub, which is considered “The Pipeline Crossroads of the World”. It is a benchmark for the Oil market and WTI price is frequently quoted in the media.
Like all assets, supply and demand are the key drivers of WTI Oil price. As such, global growth can be a driver of increased demand and vice versa for weak global growth. Political instability, wars, and sanctions can disrupt supply and impact prices. The decisions of OPEC, a group of major Oil-producing countries, is another key driver of price. The value of the US Dollar influences the price of WTI Crude Oil, since Oil is predominantly traded in US Dollars, thus a weaker US Dollar can make Oil more affordable and vice versa.
The weekly Oil inventory reports published by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the Energy Information Agency (EIA) impact the price of WTI Oil. Changes in inventories reflect fluctuating supply and demand. If the data shows a drop in inventories it can indicate increased demand, pushing up Oil price. Higher inventories can reflect increased supply, pushing down prices. API’s report is published every Tuesday and EIA’s the day after. Their results are usually similar, falling within 1% of each other 75% of the time. The EIA data is considered more reliable, since it is a government agency.
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is a group of 12 Oil-producing nations who collectively decide production quotas for member countries at twice-yearly meetings. Their decisions often impact WTI Oil prices. When OPEC decides to lower quotas, it can tighten supply, pushing up Oil prices. When OPEC increases production, it has the opposite effect. OPEC+ refers to an expanded group that includes ten extra non-OPEC members, the most notable of which is Russia.
Oil prices rose by almost 2% today. The rise was caused by news that Iran is planning an attack on Israel in the coming days, Commerzbank’s commodity analyst Carsten Fritsch notes.
“Oil prices rose by around 2 per cent today, triggered by news that Iran is planning an attack on Israel in the coming days, possibly even before the US elections, according to the news portal Axios, which cited two sources close to Israeli intelligence. The attack is to be carried out using drones and missiles launched from Iraq.”
“At the beginning of the week, oil prices had fallen significantly after the Israeli retaliation last weekend spared Iran's oil and nuclear facilities, leading to the expectation that no further escalation would occur. This hope now appears to have been called into question, suggesting that the pricing out of the geopolitical risk premium in the oil market may have been premature.”
EUR/USD has drifted a little lower over the course of the session so far, Scotiabank’s Chief FX Strategist Shaun Osborne notes.
“Market participation has perhaps weakened ahead of the US jobs data, the weekend and the US election Tuesday, with no major data from the Eurozone to drive sentiment. More to the point, perhaps, is the fact that the steady narrowing in EZ/US short-term spreads that helped lift the EUR over the past week has stopped and reversed a basis point or so late in the week.”
“The EUR’s push through resistance at 1.0875 failed to give spot gains the additional boost I thought it might. Gains were capped around 1.0890 and now, spot’s drift lower risks extending in the short run if the market eases below 1.0845 minor support on the session.”
The World Gold Council published data on Gold demand in the third quarter this week. Taking into account over-the-counter (OTC) transactions, demand rose by 5% year-on-year, reaching a record level for a third quarter. The increase in demand was mainly driven by Gold ETFs, which recorded inflows for the first time in 10 quarters. As a result, investment demand more than doubled in comparison to the same quarter last year, although purchases of bars and coins were lower. By contrast, jewellery demand fell to its lowest level in a third quarter since 2000, except for the pandemic year 2020, Commerzbank’s Commodity analyst Carsten Fritsch notes.
“In the first three quarters, demand for Gold, including OTC transactions, was 3% above the previous year's level. Investment demand exceeded the figure for the previous year despite somewhat lower purchases of bars and coins, because Gold ETFs recorded significantly fewer outflows. Jewellery demand and central bank Gold purchases were down year-on-year after three quarters. However, the latter are on a par with 2022, which ended with a record level. For the year as a whole, the WGC expects investment demand to be higher than in the previous year.”
“ETFs should see further inflows due to the expected interest rate cuts, high fiscal deficits and the highly valued stock markets. However, investment demand in the fourth quarter could be heavily influenced by the outcome of the US elections. The central bank's Gold purchases are likely to be strong again this year, but not at the levels seen in the previous two years. Jewellery demand is also expected to be lower than in the previous year, albeit somewhat higher than previously expected by the WGC.”
“The data did not provide a feasible explanation for the 15% rise in the Gold price in the third quarter. Rather, they showed that demand for Gold was curbed by the rising price level. This applies in particular to jewellery demand and also to Gold purchases by central banks. The increase in Gold demand in India was due to the reduction of the import tax and is therefore unlikely to be repeated. Excluding the less transparent OTC transactions, demand for Gold in the first three quarters was 3% below the previous year's level. Only the Gold ETFs provided positive impetus for demand. In the long term, this alone will hardly be enough to justify the high price level, let alone a further price increase.”
The Canadian Dollar (CAD) is unchanged on the session, holding in the low 1.39 area just below yesterday’s high which marked a virtual pinpoint retest of the August spot peak, Scotiabank’s Chief FX Strategist Shaun Osborne notes.
“Back then, the USD closed well off the high and down on the session. Now, however, the bid for the USD remains persistent. Bargain hunters are treading lightly around the CAD at these levels, given the risk of post-election volatility in the USD. Fundamental factors which have helped drive the CAD lower in the past few weeks do appear to be steadying.”
“The CAD’s fair value estimate is unchanged again today at 1.3932, suggesting some (very minor) relief from bearish pressure for now. Neutral because major resistance at 1.3945/50 did hold yesterday but bullish because the USD closed out the day firmly and remains well-supported on minor dips.”
“USD gains remain very, very stretched on the daily chart and all else equal, I would probably be inclined to expect the USD to ease somewhat from a technical perspective from here. But the risk of heightened volatility in the next few days can’t be overlooked. Support is 1.3880 and 1.3750.”
Gold (XAU/USD) edges a third of a percentage point higher on Friday, recovering from the tumble it suffered on the previous day. The precious metal is trading in the $2,750s, just under a key chart resistance level.
Gold is rebounding on the back of a revival in safe-haven demand after hopes of a ceasefire in the Middle East war were dashed by a Hezbollah rocket attack in northern Israel that killed seven people, making it the worst strike in months, according to the BBC. That, and the risk surrounding the US presidential election given how tight the race is, continue leavening demand for the yellow metal.
Gold’s recovery could meet fresh resistance, however, as risks remain to the precious metal’s outlook. The US Dollar (USD) is rising on Friday, ending a week-long decline, and this is likely to present headwinds to Gold because it is mainly priced and traded in USD.
The Dollar is rising as markets continue to scale back their expectations for Federal Reserve (Fed) easing because of strong employment data. Although the number of job openings fell unexpectedly, strong private payrolls data and lower unemployment benefit claimants data this week, made up for the openings miss. All these may help reassure the Fed that the labor market is solid.
US Nonfarm Payrolls data out on Friday, however, will be key in gauging the health of the labor market and the Fed’s future interest rate decisions. It will also reveal the Unemployment Rate and Average Hourly Earnings.
If markets radically revise their expectations regarding Fed policy – seeing more not less interest rate cuts on the horizon – Gold could gain a boost and reassert its established uptrend.
Gold has pulled back down into its former range between $2,708 and $2,758 after rolling over from its new all-time high of $2,790, established on Wednesday.
Overall, the precious metal remains in a steady uptrend on all time frames (short, medium and long), which, given the technical principle that “the trend is your friend,” tilts the odds in favor of more upside.
That said, the decline from Wednesday’s peak has been steep, which could augur more downside to come.
The Relative Strength Index (RSI) momentum indicator in the 4-hour chart is also showing a bearish dip in momentum accompanied by the recent sell-off, with RSI falling substantially below the 50 mark for the first time since October 10.
A deeper pullback would find support at $2,708, the floor of the range. The overall uptrend, however, might resume afterward.
A break above the $2,790 high would probably lead to a move up to resistance at $2,800 (whole number and psychological number) followed by $2,850.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.
This morning's Caixin PMI for the manufacturing sector surprised on the upside, pointing to a slight expansion of economic output at 50.3, after coming in at 49.3 last month. This joins the ranks of data from recent weeks that already point to a stabilisation of the Chinese economy in September, Commerzbank’s FX analyst Volkmar Baur notes.
“At first glance, this seems surprising, given that the political leadership was only discussing an additional fiscal package at the end of September. However, if we look at the budget and bond issuance data, it is clear that much stronger support for the economy had already begun in September. While budget spending was down year-on-year until August, September saw a 12 per cent increase in spending compared to September last year. In terms of bonds, preparations for this higher spending began as early as August. Here, too, it can be seen that the pace of issuance until July was significantly lower than last year, but has increased rapidly in the last two months.”
“In fact, it increased so sharply that RMB 3.6 trillion of so-called special local government bonds had already been issued by the end of September. At the beginning of the year, the limit for new issues of these bonds was set at RMB 3.9 trillion. This means that an increase in this limit – as is to be decided in the coming week – is urgently needed, otherwise local governments risk running out of money in the last three months of the year.”
“On the other hand, we should not expect too much from next week's stimulus package. At least some of the money was already used in September. But all this will probably not interest the RMB much next week anyway, because the US election is likely to be a more decisive item on the agenda, at least in the short term.”
The US Dollar (USD) is tracking a little higher ahead of the US jobs data at 8.30ET. Yesterday’s outperformers (JPY and CHF) in early trade here are today’s underperformers as the mood in equity markets improves, Scotiabank’s Chief FX Strategist Shaun Osborne notes.
“Broader market volatility is picking up. That should be no surprise ahead of the US election—the MOVE (bond) market vol index is around its highest in a year while the VIX is nudging back above 20 to its highest since early August. Uncertainty is perhaps helping the USD steady in the short run and it may be able to push a little higher this morning so long as the NFP is not a shocker. The consensus call for payrolls has edged steadily lower since last week and sits at a soft-ish 100k currently.”
“While weather– and strike-related issues would help explain away a poor number, a very soft number might lift Fed rate cut expectations. The Bloomberg “whisper” number, noting the jump in ADP private sector hiring last month, has moved the other way since mid-week and anticipates a 140k gain in jobs, however, and markets appear to be positioned for a decent, though perhaps not solid, gain in jobs. ISM Manufacturing data at 10ET is expected to show little change from September’s soft 47.2 reading.”
“Note that Dall Fed President Logan (non-voter) is on the calendar for a 9.45ET event. The Fed blackout is in effect ahead of next week’s FOMC decision so comments will not cover the economic or policy outlook. The DXY has found solid support in the upper 103 area through the latter part of the week and that should hold into the weekend and early next week as markets look to the US vote for the next directional cue for the USD.”
Silver price (XAG/USD) adds little gains in European trading hours on Friday after plunging to near $32.50 on Thursday. The white metal faced sharp selling pressure after the release of the United States (US) Initial Jobless Claims data for the week ending October 25, which came in lowest in almost 22 weeks.
The US Department of Labor showed that individuals claiming jobless benefits for the first time were 216K, lower than estimates of 230K and the former reading of 228K. A slowdown in the jobless claims’ growth pointed to an improving labor demand environment. On Wednesday, the ADP Employment Change data also showed a strong labor requirement in the private sector. The agency reported that 233K workers were hired by the private sector in October, significantly higher than 159K in September.
Meanwhile, the US Dollar Index (DXY), which gauges Greenback’s value against six major currencies, rebounds strongly to 104.10 after a corrective move to 103.80. 10-year US Treasury yields climb to near 4.30%.
For more interest rate cues, investors await the US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October, which will be published at 12:30 GMT. The NFP report is expected to show that the economy added 113K new workers, significantly less than 254K in September. Economists expect the Unemployment Rate to have remained steady at 4.1%. The NFP data will significantly influence market expectations for the Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate cut path.
Silver price extends its correction to near the key horizontal support plotted from the May 20 high of $32.50 on a daily timeframe. The white metal finds a temporary cushion near the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades at around $32.80.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) falls inside the 40.00-60.00 range, suggesting that a bullish momentum is over for now, however, the bullish trend remains intact.
Silver is a precious metal highly traded among investors. It has been historically used as a store of value and a medium of exchange. Although less popular than Gold, traders may turn to Silver to diversify their investment portfolio, for its intrinsic value or as a potential hedge during high-inflation periods. Investors can buy physical Silver, in coins or in bars, or trade it through vehicles such as Exchange Traded Funds, which track its price on international markets.
Silver prices can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can make Silver price escalate due to its safe-haven status, although to a lesser extent than Gold's. As a yieldless asset, Silver tends to rise with lower interest rates. Its moves also depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAG/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Silver at bay, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to propel prices up. Other factors such as investment demand, mining supply – Silver is much more abundant than Gold – and recycling rates can also affect prices.
Silver is widely used in industry, particularly in sectors such as electronics or solar energy, as it has one of the highest electric conductivity of all metals – more than Copper and Gold. A surge in demand can increase prices, while a decline tends to lower them. Dynamics in the US, Chinese and Indian economies can also contribute to price swings: for the US and particularly China, their big industrial sectors use Silver in various processes; in India, consumers’ demand for the precious metal for jewellery also plays a key role in setting prices.
Silver prices tend to follow Gold's moves. When Gold prices rise, Silver typically follows suit, as their status as safe-haven assets is similar. The Gold/Silver ratio, which shows the number of ounces of Silver needed to equal the value of one ounce of Gold, may help to determine the relative valuation between both metals. Some investors may consider a high ratio as an indicator that Silver is undervalued, or Gold is overvalued. On the contrary, a low ratio might suggest that Gold is undervalued relative to Silver.
The Mexican Peso (MXN) edges higher across its key pairs on Friday, continuing the recovery of the previous day, in part supported by the release of higher-than-expected Mexican Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth data, which showed a 1.5% rise in the third quarter.
The Mexican Peso upside may be limited, however, as fears persist that a victory for former president Donald Trump in the US presidential election will lead to increased tariffs on imported Mexican goods.
Concerns are easing, however, with the realization that Trump’s threats may be more rhetorical than realistic given how intertwined the two countries' supply chains are after three decades of free trade. Goods made in Mexico generally contain a substantial quantity of US or Canadian components and involve multiple border crossings to be manufactured, suggesting a trade war with Mexico would cause a self-inflicted wound on the US economy.
A further potentially negative risk factor for the Peso comes in the form of moves by the Mexican legislature to limit the power of the Supreme Court to suspend or block its reforms, according to El Financiero. This risks reviving market concerns about the rule of law and balance of power in the country, impacting its ability to attract foreign investment. The move recently led to eight of Mexico’s eleven Supreme Court judges handing in their resignations, effective from August 2025.
Mexico’s surprise growth in Q3 does not “preclude another rate cut in November” from the Bank of Mexico (Banxico), according to Kimberley Sperrfechter, Emerging Markets Economist at London-based advisory service Capital Economics.
If the Banxico was to go ahead with a 25 basis point (bps) (0.25%) cut to Mexico’s relatively high 10.50% key interest rate, it might put pressure on the Peso since lower interest rates attract less capital inflows.
“We still think the conditions are currently in place for Banxico to press ahead with another interest rate cut at its November meeting. But a lot will depend on the outcome of the US election. A Trump victory – and higher US Treasury yields and a stronger Dollar – would probably prompt Banxico to halt,” added Sperrfechter in the note.
According to Christian Borjon Valencia, an analyst at FXStreet, “Money market futures hint that the Bank of Mexico (Banxico) is expected to cut rates between 175 to 200 basis points over the next 12 months.”
Data out on Friday includes Mexican Business Confidence for October, the Unemployment Rate for September, and the S&P Manufacturing PMI for October.
USD/MXN seems to have stalled after stretching a foreshortened “c wave” higher of a bullish “abc” pattern, which began at the October 14 swing low.
Whilst it is still possible wave c could reach its minimum upside target at 20.29 – the Fibonacci 61.8% extension of the length of wave “a” – resistance in the 20.00 region is making lives difficult for bulls.
USD/MXN is probably still in an uptrend on a short, medium and long-term basis and it is trading in a rising channel. Given the technical dictum “the trend is your friend,” the odds favor a continuation higher. Thus, a resumption higher is still possible.
The Mexican Peso (MXN) is the most traded currency among its Latin American peers. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Mexican economy, the country’s central bank’s policy, the amount of foreign investment in the country and even the levels of remittances sent by Mexicans who live abroad, particularly in the United States. Geopolitical trends can also move MXN: for example, the process of nearshoring – or the decision by some firms to relocate manufacturing capacity and supply chains closer to their home countries – is also seen as a catalyst for the Mexican currency as the country is considered a key manufacturing hub in the American continent. Another catalyst for MXN is Oil prices as Mexico is a key exporter of the commodity.
The main objective of Mexico’s central bank, also known as Banxico, is to maintain inflation at low and stable levels (at or close to its target of 3%, the midpoint in a tolerance band of between 2% and 4%). To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, Banxico will attempt to tame it by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for households and businesses to borrow money, thus cooling demand and the overall economy. Higher interest rates are generally positive for the Mexican Peso (MXN) as they lead to higher yields, making the country a more attractive place for investors. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken MXN.
Macroeconomic data releases are key to assess the state of the economy and can have an impact on the Mexican Peso (MXN) valuation. A strong Mexican economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for MXN. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the Bank of Mexico (Banxico) to increase interest rates, particularly if this strength comes together with elevated inflation. However, if economic data is weak, MXN is likely to depreciate.
As an emerging-market currency, the Mexican Peso (MXN) tends to strive during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and thus are eager to engage with investments that carry a higher risk. Conversely, MXN tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.
The positive impact of Ueda's Hawkish rhetoric after the BoJ’s decision on Thursday has waned and the Yen is losing ground with the US Dollar firming up ahead of the US employment report.
October’s Nonfarm Payrrols change is expected to have declined to 113K in October from 254K. Hurricanes and strikes are likely to have had a relevant impact on last month's data, thus the market will look at the Unemployment rate -seen unchanged at 4.1%- for confirmation.
Beyond that, the US ISM Manufacturing PMI is seen little changed, at 47.6 from 47.2 in September.
On Thursday, BoJ Governour Ueda surprised investors, reiterating the bank's commitment to continue normalizing its monetary policy. These comments were taken as a hint to a further rate hike in December, which provided a fresh boost to the Yen.
From a technical perspective, the broader bullish trend remains intact although the pair might be running out of steam. A break of 151.65 would confirm a deeper correction and shift the focus to 150.60. On the upside, resistances are at 153.00 and 153.85.
Central Banks have a key mandate which is making sure that there is price stability in a country or region. Economies are constantly facing inflation or deflation when prices for certain goods and services are fluctuating. Constant rising prices for the same goods means inflation, constant lowered prices for the same goods means deflation. It is the task of the central bank to keep the demand in line by tweaking its policy rate. For the biggest central banks like the US Federal Reserve (Fed), the European Central Bank (ECB) or the Bank of England (BoE), the mandate is to keep inflation close to 2%.
A central bank has one important tool at its disposal to get inflation higher or lower, and that is by tweaking its benchmark policy rate, commonly known as interest rate. On pre-communicated moments, the central bank will issue a statement with its policy rate and provide additional reasoning on why it is either remaining or changing (cutting or hiking) it. Local banks will adjust their savings and lending rates accordingly, which in turn will make it either harder or easier for people to earn on their savings or for companies to take out loans and make investments in their businesses. When the central bank hikes interest rates substantially, this is called monetary tightening. When it is cutting its benchmark rate, it is called monetary easing.
A central bank is often politically independent. Members of the central bank policy board are passing through a series of panels and hearings before being appointed to a policy board seat. Each member in that board often has a certain conviction on how the central bank should control inflation and the subsequent monetary policy. Members that want a very loose monetary policy, with low rates and cheap lending, to boost the economy substantially while being content to see inflation slightly above 2%, are called ‘doves’. Members that rather want to see higher rates to reward savings and want to keep a lit on inflation at all time are called ‘hawks’ and will not rest until inflation is at or just below 2%.
Normally, there is a chairman or president who leads each meeting, needs to create a consensus between the hawks or doves and has his or her final say when it would come down to a vote split to avoid a 50-50 tie on whether the current policy should be adjusted. The chairman will deliver speeches which often can be followed live, where the current monetary stance and outlook is being communicated. A central bank will try to push forward its monetary policy without triggering violent swings in rates, equities, or its currency. All members of the central bank will channel their stance toward the markets in advance of a policy meeting event. A few days before a policy meeting takes place until the new policy has been communicated, members are forbidden to talk publicly. This is called the blackout period.
After the market sent out the first warning signs of the new UK budget on Wednesday, it continued seamlessly yesterday, with UK government bond yields rising sharply and the pound depreciating. Moreover, since Tuesday, a rate cut of around 25 basis points by next September has been priced out. Clearly, the market has serious concerns about the new budget, Commerzbank’s FX analyst Michael Pfister notes.
“Although a lot of information was deliberately leaked in the run-up to the release market participants were surprised by the extent to which the new budget is geared towards delivering more growth in the short term. In the long run, stronger growth would certainly be seen as a positive, but until then it is a bold gamble that needs to pay off. And in the short term, it is likely to increase inflation risks, which means that the Bank of England (BoE) will be less likely to cut interest rates.”
“We should remain calm for now. A BoE rate cut next week is still likely. And while the risks of another rate pause at the December meeting have increased, it should be remembered that the BoE has been rather dovish of late. It will probably want to cut rates sooner rather than later, which means that another cut in December is still on the table. Of course, a lot depends on how next week's decision is communicated. However, if inflation does not pick up significantly in the coming weeks, the BoE is likely to continue its rate-cutting cycle despite the current market jitters.”
“Even if further rate cuts are on the way, we still think that the pound should strengthen against the euro by the end of the year. This may seem confusing at first glance. However, it is simply supported by continued slightly stronger UK growth and more persistent inflation, which should lead the BoE to emphasise its caution despite the rate cuts. Meanwhile, the ECB has more reason to look beyond inflation as the real economy weakens. This should support the GBP against the EUR.”
USD could drift lower, but any decline is likely part of a lower trading range of 7.1150/7.1400. In the longer run, USD is under mild downward pressure; it could edge lower, but any decline is expected to encounter solid support at 7.1000, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “USD traded between 7.1200 and 7.1350 yesterday, closing largely unchanged at 7.1210 (-0.05%). Despite the quiet price movements, the underlying tone appears to be soft. Today, USD could drift lower, but any decline is likely part of a lower trading range of 7.1150/7.1400. In other words, USD is unlikely to break clearly below 7.1150 or above 7.1400.”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “In our most recent narrative from Monday (28 Oct, spot at 7.1460), we highlighted that ‘While upward momentum is building, USD must break and remain above 7.1600 before further sustained gains are likely.’ We added, ‘The likelihood of USD breaking clearly above 7.1600 will remain intact, provided that 7.1200 is not breached in the next few days.’ USD subsequently rose to 7.1650 before pulling back quickly. Yesterday, it dropped to a low of 7.1200. The buildup in upward momentum has faded, and downward momentum has increased slightly. From here, USD could edge lower, but any decline is expected to encounter solid support at 7.1000. On the upside, a breach of 7.1480 would mean that the current mild downward pressure has eased.”
If you look at the G10 exchange rate movements since October 24 (since the publication of the euro area PMIs), it is striking that, on the one hand, the Euro has been by far the best-performing currency, but on the other hand, it has been the currency that contributed least to the volatility of G10 exchange rates, Commerzbank’s Head of FX and Commodity Research Ulrich Leuchtmann notes.
“What does it mean when a currency has covered a lot of ground but with low volatility? It cannot have moved much in the opposite direction. Indeed, the euro has appreciated against the G10 average on every single trading day since then.”
“In other words: we are observing a clear trend (for statisticians: a clear deterministic trend component). In a reasonably efficient market, this is not a permanent condition, but an indication that the market is undergoing a significant re-evaluation and is searching for new equilibrium levels for EUR exchange rates.”
“As much as I enjoy EUR strength, I have to admit that this phase should not last forever. At some point, the revaluation of the euro will be complete. I would even consider it quite bold to jump on the bandwagon of idiosyncratic EUR strength at this point.”
The US Dollar (USD) could drop further, but it does seem to have enough momentum to threaten the major support at 151.05. In the longer run, USD advance from early last month has ended; it must break and remain below 151.05 before a more sustained decline can be expected, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “Yesterday, USD dropped sharply, closing lower by 0.90% at 152.03. Despite the relatively sharp decline, downward momentum has not increased much. However, provided that it remains below 152.85 (minor resistance is at 152.45), USD could drop further. That said, it does not seem to have enough momentum to threaten the major support at 151.05 (there is another support level at 151.50).”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “Our latest narrative was from Tuesday (29 Oct, spot at 153.05), wherein ‘while conditions are severely overbought, there is a chance for the advance in USD to extend to 154.00 before pausing.’ We added, ‘only a breach of 151.90 (‘strong support’ level) would indicate that the USD advance that started early this month has ended.’ Yesterday, USD broke below 151.90, reaching a low of 151.83 Not only has upward momentum faded, but downward momentum is beginning to build. However, at this stage, we view any decline is part of a pullback and not a major reversal. USD has to break and remain below 151.05 before a more sustained decline can be expected. The chance of USD breaking clearly below 151.05 will increase in the next few days as long as 153.35 is not breached.”
The US Dollar (USD) has been pretty strong over the past four weeks, even if it has slowed down a bit in the last few days, Commerzbank’s FX analyst Volkmar Baur notes.
“Since summer, it seems that the US dollar has been following the odds on whether Donald Trump will win the election. According to Realclearpolitics.com, which tracks several betting agencies for this purpose, this probability was recently seen at around 66%. At the beginning of October, we were still below 50%. As a result, the trade-weighted US dollar also saw a significant gain.”
“The issue here is, the polls and the models don't see the probabilities as clearly as the betting shops do. Let's look at the two most well-known models for the US presidential election: the one from fivethirtyeight.com and the one from The Economist. The first of them also showed a shift towards Donald Trump in the last few weeks. But the odds are still only 52% to 48% in Trump's favour, which is a lot lower than the 66% you see in the betting shops. The Economist's model says it's a tie between the two candidates.”
Harris even managed to make up some lost ground in that model over the last few days. The models are based on fundamental data and a lot of surveys, and they still suggest it's too close to call. But the betting offices think Trump is more likely to win. It seems that the US dollar is more influenced by the betting offices. This could end up being a bit of a letdown.
The USD/CHF pair strives to break above the key resistance of 0.8700 in Friday’s European session. The pair strengthens as the Swiss Franc (CHF) weakens after the release of the Swiss Consumer Price Index (CPI) data, which showed that price pressures soften further in October.
Year-on-year Swiss CPI decelerated at a faster pace to 0.6% against the estimates and the prior release of 0.8%. On month, Swiss inflation deflated by 0.1%, slower than 0.3% in September but was expected to remain flat.
A sharp disinflation trend has prompted expectations of more interest rate cuts by the Swiss National Bank (SNB). The SNB has already reduced its key borrowing rates by 75 basis points (bps) to 1% this year, and a further slowdown in inflationary pressures points to the need for more cuts in the December meeting.
Meanwhile, the Swiss Franc pair is also performing better due to the upbeat US Dollar (USD). The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, bounces back above 104.00 ahead of the United States (US) Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October, which will be published at 12:30.
Investors will pay close attention to the US official employment data as the Federal Reserve (Fed) has been more worried about easing labor market conditions, with high confidence in the disinflation trend towards the bank’s target of 2%.
Economists expect the economy to have added 113K workers, which is less than half of the job additions at 254K recorded in September. The Unemployment Rate is expected to remain steady at 4.1%.
The Dollar is trading with marginal losses against its Canadian counterpart on Friday. A cautious market mood ahead of the all-important US payrolls report and higher oil prices have halted the pair’s rally.
Investors are wary about placing large US Dollar bets ahead of a particularly relevant US Nonfarm Payrolls report, with the Federal Reserve meeting less than one week away.
The US private sector is expected to have created 113K jobs in October, down from 254K in September. It is worth remembering that the impact of hurricanes and recent strikes might have distorted this month’s figures and that the unemployment rate will also be observed in case of a significant deviation from the forecasts.
On the other hand, Oil prices are rallying on the back of news reports that Iran would be considering a retaliation against Israel, which is providing additional support to the CAD.
The overall picture, however, shows the US Dollar’s upside trend intact, yet with a bearish divergence suggesting the possibility of a downside correction. Resistances are at 1.3945 ahead of the 1400 round level. Immediate support is at 1.3895 and below here, at 1.3840.
The key factors driving the Canadian Dollar (CAD) are the level of interest rates set by the Bank of Canada (BoC), the price of Oil, Canada’s largest export, the health of its economy, inflation and the Trade Balance, which is the difference between the value of Canada’s exports versus its imports. Other factors include market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – with risk-on being CAD-positive. As its largest trading partner, the health of the US economy is also a key factor influencing the Canadian Dollar.
The Bank of Canada (BoC) has a significant influence on the Canadian Dollar by setting the level of interest rates that banks can lend to one another. This influences the level of interest rates for everyone. The main goal of the BoC is to maintain inflation at 1-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively higher interest rates tend to be positive for the CAD. The Bank of Canada can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former CAD-negative and the latter CAD-positive.
The price of Oil is a key factor impacting the value of the Canadian Dollar. Petroleum is Canada’s biggest export, so Oil price tends to have an immediate impact on the CAD value. Generally, if Oil price rises CAD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Oil falls. Higher Oil prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance, which is also supportive of the CAD.
While inflation had always traditionally been thought of as a negative factor for a currency since it lowers the value of money, the opposite has actually been the case in modern times with the relaxation of cross-border capital controls. Higher inflation tends to lead central banks to put up interest rates which attracts more capital inflows from global investors seeking a lucrative place to keep their money. This increases demand for the local currency, which in Canada’s case is the Canadian Dollar.
Macroeconomic data releases gauge the health of the economy and can have an impact on the Canadian Dollar. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the CAD. A strong economy is good for the Canadian Dollar. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the Bank of Canada to put up interest rates, leading to a stronger currency. If economic data is weak, however, the CAD is likely to fall.
The US Dollar Index (DXY) is paring some losses on Friday’s European morning trading, with buyers returning after a four-day losing streak. A mild risk aversion ahead of the release of the US Nonfarm Payrolls report has increased support for the safe-haven US Dollar (USD).
The unexpected decline in US jobless claims and the sticky Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index failed to provide significant support to the US Dollar (USD), which hit fresh weekly lows on Thursday.
Stronger-than-expected Consumer Prices Index (CPI) in the Eurozone and some hawkish remarks from the Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda, lifted the Euro (EUR) and the Japanese Yen (JPY), respectively, and added pressure on the USD.
The DXY index is moving within a horizontal channel, but the broader bullish trend appears to be losing steam and technical indicators show signs of a potential trend shift.
The 4-hour chart shows a bearish divergence in the Relative Strength Index (RSI) and price action capped below the 50-period Simple Moving Average (SMA).
These negative signs keep the support area at 103.85 in play. Below here, the next target would be 103.40. To the upside, the index has some resistance at 104.20 ahead of the October peak at 104.63.
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022. Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates. When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
The New Zealand (NZD) is likely to trade in a range between 0.5950 and 0.5990. In the longer run, there is still no clear increase in downward momentum; the chance of a sustained break below 0.5950 is not high, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “NZD dropped briefly to 0.5940 yesterday, then rebounded to close at largely unchanged at 0.5978 (+0.09%). The brief decline did not result in any increase in downward momentum, and instead of continuing to decline, NZD is more likely to trade in a range between 0.5950 and 0.5990 today.”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “We turned negative in NZD early last month. As we tracked the decline, in our most recent narrative from two days ago (30 Oct, spot at 0.5970), we indicated that ‘While NZD dropped to a fresh 3-month low of 0.5954, there is still no clear increase in downward momentum.’ We added, ‘The chance of a sustained break below 0.5950 is not high.’ Yesterday, NZD dropped below 0.5950, but rebounded quickly from 0.5940. Although NZD broke below the 0.5950 support level, there has been no further increase in momentum. In other words, we continue to hold the view that a sustained break below 0.5950 is not high. Overall, only a breach of 0.6010 (no change in ‘strong resistance’ level) would mean that the weakness has stabilised.”
The end of the week in the region should be quiet. The Polish and Hungarian markets are closed today and activity should be muted, ING’s FX analyst Frantisek Taborsky notes.
“On the calendar we have PMIs across the region with the exception of Poland. These could show some improvement after the data in Germany. In the Czech Republic, the budget result for October will be released which should indicate the first costs associated with the floods.”
“In the markets, the Czech koruna showed some outperformance yesterday within the region while the Hungarian forint remains under pressure. EUR/HUF almost touched 410 yesterday but returned to 408. There still seems to be no room for stabilisation here in the near term and we expect Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) to remain under pressure at least until the US election.”
“Further direction will depend on the outcome of the election. Therefore, EUR/HUF is likely to continue to test new highs. EUR/CZK bounced down from 25.40 and the koruna reaffirms its resistance within the region, which remains our preference for the days ahead.”
The Australian Dollar (AUD) is expected to trade in a range between 0.6550 and 0.6600. In the longer run, the potential for further sustained decline may be limited; the next level to monitor is 0.6520, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “AUD traded in a range between 0.6540 land 0.6585 yesterday, closing slightly higher at 0.6582 (+0.15%). Momentum indicators are turning neutral, and AUD is expected to continue to trade in a range, likely between 0.6550 and 0.6600.”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “In our most recent narrative from two days ago (30 Oct, spot at 0.6565), we pointed out the ‘Although the weakness has not stabilised, given that the current decline is entering its second month, the potential for further sustained weakness may be limited.’ We also pointed out ‘The next level to monitor is 0.6520.’ There is no change in our view. Overall, only a breach of 0.6620 (no change in ‘strong resistance’ level) would mean that the weakness in AUD has stabilised.”
Eurozone flash inflation estimates for October showed a re-acceleration to 2.0%, which is understandably favouring a repricing to the hawkish side in the Euro (EUR) curve, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
“The OIS market now prices in 58bp of easing by the European Central Bank over December and January, with the chances of a half-size move in December now having been scaled back to just 22%.”
“There are no ECB speakers until Monday and today is a holiday in some eurozone markets, meaning potentially slightly reduced action in the euro markets.”
“EUR/USD is starting to look a bit expensive in the upper half of the 1.08-1.09 range, and barring a US jobs data-induced push today, we favour some depreciation in the pair into US Election Day, with a move back to 1.0800 as being completely in line with a wide rate differential in favour of USD.”
EUR/USD slumps from a fresh two-week high near 1.0890 in European trading hours on Friday. The major currency pair declines as the US Dollar (USD) bounces back amid caution ahead of the release of the United States (US) Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) and the ISM Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) data for October, which will be published in the New York session.
Economists expect the US economy to have added 113K fresh payrolls, significantly lower than the 254K increase seen in September. The Unemployment Rate is expected to have remained steady at 4.1%.
Investors will pay close attention to the employment data as it will significantly influence market expectations for the Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate path. Recent commentary from Fed officials indicates that the central bank is more focused on reviving labor market strength after gaining confidence about inflation returning to the bank’s target of 2%.
Traders are fully pricing in a 25 basis points (bps) rate cut at the Fed’s next meeting on Thursday, and the NFP is unlikely to alter this outlook unless there is a huge surprise. However, the data could have implications for the Fed’s December meeting: higher-than-expected payroll data would point to improving labor market conditions – which could dampen Federal Reserve (Fed) rate cut bets –, while weak employment numbers would boost them.
Investors will also focus on the Average Hourly Earnings data for October, a key measure of wage growth, and the Manufacturing PMI data from both the ISM and S&P Global.
As for earnings, the month-on-month wage growth measure is expected to have grown by 0.3%, slower than 0.4% in September, with annual figures rising steadily by 4%.
The ISM Manufacturing PMI is seen at 47.6 in October, up slightly from 47.2 in September, suggesting that the contracting trend is intact but its pace has slowed. The final estimate of the S&P Global Manufacturing PMI is expected to remain unchanged from the 47.8 flash reading.
EUR/USD falls after posting a fresh two-week high around 1.0890 on Thursday. The major currency pair faces selling pressure near the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades at around 1.0900. EUR/USD had previously rebounded sharply after gaining a firm footing near the upward-sloping trendline around 1.0750, which is plotted from the April 16 low at around 1.0600.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) climbs to near 42.00 after staying in the 20.00-40.00 range for almost a month, suggesting that the bearish momentum is waning.
Looking up, the shared currency pair could rise to near the September 11 low around 1.1000 after breaking above the 200-day EMA around 1.0900. On the downside, the October 23 low of 1.0760 will be the key support area.
The Euro is the currency for the 19 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day. EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy. The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control. Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency. A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall. Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
The Pound Sterling (GBP) is likely to trade in a range, probably between 1.2860 and 1.2950. In the longer run, GBP must break and remain below 1.2845 before a sustained decline can be expected, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “Yesterday, GBP fell by 0.48%, closing at a 2-1/2-month low of 1.2899. The sharp drop appears to be overdone, and GBP is unlikely to weaken much further. Today, GBP is more likely to trade in a range, probably between 1.2860 and 1.2950.”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “We indicated on Wednesday (30 Oct, spot at 1.3010) that ‘While GBP is expected to trade in a 1.2950/1.3070 range for now, the slightly firm underlying tone suggests it will likely test the top of the range first.’ GBP subsequently rose to 1.3043, but in a sudden move yesterday, it plunged sharply to a low of 1.2845. While there has been a buildup in momentum, GBP must break and remain below 1.2845 before further sustained decline can be expected. The likelihood of GBP breaking clearly below 1.2845 will remain intact, provided that 1.2985 is not breached. Looking ahead, the next level to watch below 1.2845 is 1.2795.”
The US releases jobs data for October today. Consensus is centred on a slowdown in nonfarm payrolls to 100k and unemployment unchanged at 4.1%, ING’s call is in line with consensus at 100k, although analysts see unemployment ticking higher to 4.2%. If they are right with this call today, they expect a slightly negative impact on the USD, as some of the strength associated with the previous jobs report is priced out and markets may push the Fed pricing back to 50bp of easing by year-end, ING’s FX analyst Francesco Pesole notes.
“That said, we doubt the dollar is due a large correction so close to the US election, and there is also a risk markets (and the Fed) will give a reduced weight to a softer payrolls numbers given the temporary hit to jobs from the latest severe weather events. The unemployment rate should, however, be less affected by those events, and that can have longer-lasting market implications.”
“The greenback rally has lost some steam this week against the euro due to stronger than expected eurozone data, but has remained generally bid against the high-beta currencies that are more exposed to Trump hedges. We cannot exclude that those hedges are increased once the payroll risk event is cleared, and some broad-based deleveraging ahead of a highly-binary US election for markets causes the kind of worsening in FX liquidity conditions that leads to a further rotation into dollars.”
“The US calendar also includes the ISM manufacturing, which is expected to inch higher from 47.2 to 47.6. The employment component is expected to have improved marginally too, and that may attract a bit more interest.”
The Bank of Japan (BOJ) returned to its very succinct policy statement at its scheduled Monetary Policy Meeting (MPM) on Thu (31 Oct) as the BOJ took a unanimous decision to keep its monetary policy guidelines for money market operations unchanged, in line with market expectations but against our projection for a 25-bps rate hike, UOB Group’s economist Alvin Liew notes.
“The Bank of Japan (BOJ) at its scheduled Monetary Policy Meeting (MPM) on 31 Oct, took a unanimous decision to keep its monetary policy guidelines for money market operations unchanged. This was in line with market expectations but against our projection for a 25-bps rate hike.”
“While the BOJ did not provide any forward guidance in the latest Oct MPM statement, the pledge to continue to increase rates if the BOJ’s outlook is realized reappeared in the Oct Outlook Report (The Bank’s View) after being left out in the preceding Sep MPM statement.”
“Still expecting one more 25 bps hike for 2024 but external developments may delay that outcome into 2025: Based on the latest Oct 2024 Outlook report and Ueda’s comments during the press conference, we believe that the BOJ is not done with hikes but the timing could be influenced by external developments, especially the significant events taking place in the US in the very near future.”
Silver prices (XAG/USD) rose on Friday, according to FXStreet data. Silver trades at $32.84 per troy ounce, up 0.55% from the $32.66 it cost on Thursday.
Silver prices have increased by 38.03% since the beginning of the year.
Unit measure | Silver Price Today in USD |
---|---|
Troy Ounce | 32.84 |
1 Gram | 1.06 |
The Gold/Silver ratio, which shows the number of ounces of Silver needed to equal the value of one ounce of Gold, stood at 83.82 on Friday, down from 84.01 on Thursday.
Silver is a precious metal highly traded among investors. It has been historically used as a store of value and a medium of exchange. Although less popular than Gold, traders may turn to Silver to diversify their investment portfolio, for its intrinsic value or as a potential hedge during high-inflation periods. Investors can buy physical Silver, in coins or in bars, or trade it through vehicles such as Exchange Traded Funds, which track its price on international markets.
Silver prices can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can make Silver price escalate due to its safe-haven status, although to a lesser extent than Gold's. As a yieldless asset, Silver tends to rise with lower interest rates. Its moves also depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAG/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Silver at bay, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to propel prices up. Other factors such as investment demand, mining supply – Silver is much more abundant than Gold – and recycling rates can also affect prices.
Silver is widely used in industry, particularly in sectors such as electronics or solar energy, as it has one of the highest electric conductivity of all metals – more than Copper and Gold. A surge in demand can increase prices, while a decline tends to lower them. Dynamics in the US, Chinese and Indian economies can also contribute to price swings: for the US and particularly China, their big industrial sectors use Silver in various processes; in India, consumers’ demand for the precious metal for jewellery also plays a key role in setting prices.
Silver prices tend to follow Gold's moves. When Gold prices rise, Silver typically follows suit, as their status as safe-haven assets is similar. The Gold/Silver ratio, which shows the number of ounces of Silver needed to equal the value of one ounce of Gold, may help to determine the relative valuation between both metals. Some investors may consider a high ratio as an indicator that Silver is undervalued, or Gold is overvalued. On the contrary, a low ratio might suggest that Gold is undervalued relative to Silver.
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The Euro (EUR) could rise to 1.0905; the major resistance at 1.0935 is unlikely to come under threat. In the longer run, upward momentum is beginning to build, but any advance is EUR is likely to face significant resistance at 1.0935, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: “EUR rose and closed higher for the fourth straight day yesterday (1.0883, +0.26%). Upward momentum is building, albeit tentatively. Today, EUR could rise to 1.0905. As upward momentum is not strong for now, the major resistance at 1.0935 is unlikely to come under threat. Support is at 1.0865, followed by 1.0845.”
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: “We shifted from a negative to neutral stance in EUR two days ago (30 Oct, spot at 1.0820), indicating that ‘the month-long decline has come to an end.’ We held the view that EUR ‘is expected to trade in a 1.0760/1.0885 range for the time being.’ Yesterday, EUR rose slightly above the top of our expected range, reaching a high of 1.0887. Upward momentum is beginning to build. From here, EUR could edge higher, but any advance is expected to face significant resistance at 1.0935. To maintain the buildup in momentum, EUR must remain above the ‘strong support’ level, currently at 1.0815.”
The Pound Sterling (GBP) ties in a tight range near 1.2900 against the US Dollar (USD) in Friday’s London session. The GBP/USD pair consolidates as investors await the United States (US) Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October, which will be published at 12:30 GMT. The official labor market data will influence market expectations for the Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate path for the remainder of the year.
The NFP report is expected to show that the economy added 113K new workers, less than half of 254K jobs created in September. Economists expect the Unemployment Rate to remain steady at 4.1%. Consensus for the NFP data appears to be diverging when compared with Wednesday’s ADP Employment Change data, which showed that 233K new workers were hired by the private sector in October and pointed to an improvement in labor market conditions.
Also, Initial Jobless Claims data for the week ending October 25 fell to 216K against estimates of 230K, the lowest level in almost 22 weeks. Signs of improving labor demand would diminish the risks of an economic downturn and would allow the Fed to follow a more gradual rate-cut path. According to the CME FedWatch tool, the central bank is expected to cut interest rates by 25 basis points (bps) in both policy meetings in November and December.
In Friday’s North American session, investors will also focus on the Average Hourly Earnings and the ISM Manufacturing PMI data for October. Average Hourly Earnings, a key measure of wage growth, is estimated to have grown steadily by 4% on year. Month-on-month, the wage growth measure is expected to have risen by 0.3%, slower than the 0.4% increase seen in September. As for the PMI data, the index is expected to increase to 47.6 from 47.2 in September, signaling that activity in the US manufacturing sector contracted again but at a slower pace.
The Pound Sterling remains vulnerable near the fresh 11-week low of around 1.2850 against the US Dollar, which was posted on Thursday. The near-term trend of the GBP/USD pair remains uncertain as it stays below the 50-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades around 1.3060 but has found a cushion near the 200-day EMA around 1.2850.
The GBP/USD pair also delivers a breakdown of the Rising Channel chart formation on the daily time frame, which results in a bearish reversal.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) slides back into the 20.00-40.00 range, signaling a fresh bearish momentum.
Looking down, the round-level support of 1.2800 will be a major cushion for Pound Sterling bulls. On the upside, the Cable will face resistance near the 50-day EMA around 1.3060.
The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).
The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.
Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
The AUD/JPY pair remains subdued for the second day, hovering around 100.00 during the European session after the release of mixed Q3 Producer Price Index (PPI) data on Friday. Despite this, expectations for a hawkish approach from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) could have supported the Australian Dollar, helping limit losses in the AUD/JPY cross.
Australia’s Producer Price Index rose 0.9% quarter-on-quarter in Q3, following a 1.0% increase in the previous period and surpassing forecasts of a 0.7% rise, marking the 17th consecutive period of producer inflation. On an annual basis, PPI growth slowed to 3.9% in Q3, down from a 4.8% increase in the prior quarter.
China's Caixin Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) rose to 50.3 in October, up from 49.3 in September, exceeding market expectations of 49.7. Given China's role as a major trading partner for Australia, economic shifts in China could have a substantial impact on Australian markets.
In Japan, the headline au Jibun Bank Japan Manufacturing PMI stood at 49.2 in October, indicating a decline from 49.7 in September. This composite single-figure indicator shows that Japanese manufacturing production continued to decline at the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2024, with both output and new order inflows decreasing at more pronounced rates.
On Thursday, the Japanese Yen (JPY) strengthened following comments from Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda, which were interpreted as raising the likelihood of a rate hike in December. The central bank intends to continue adjusting policy rates as long as economic conditions and inflation align with its forecasts. The BoJ's policy remains focused on sustainably and stably achieving its 2% inflation target.
Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshimasa Hayashi stated on Friday that he expects the Bank of Japan to work closely with the government to implement effective monetary policy, targeting stable and sustainable achievement of its price goals.
Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.
Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it. Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.
EUR/GBP inches lower after two days of gains, trading around 0.8430 during the early European hours on Friday. This downside of the EUR/GBP cross could be limited as unexpected increase in Eurozone inflation has bolstered expectations that the European Central Bank (ECB) will maintain a cautious approach to rate cuts, steering clear of significant reductions.
The preliminary Eurozone Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices increased to 2.0% year-over-year in October, up from the previous 1.7% reading and surpassing forecasts of 1.9%. The core inflation rate held steady at 2.7% year-over-year. This rise in inflation is supported by stronger-than-anticipated economic growth, with the Eurozone economy expanding by 0.4% quarter-on-quarter in Q3, twice the growth seen in Q2 and exceeding predictions of 0.2%.
The ECB has highlighted that inflationary pressures remain elevated, primarily due to wage growth. In its recent October meeting, the ECB reaffirmed its commitment to a "data-dependent and meeting-by-meeting" strategy for future policy decisions.
The Pound Sterling (GBP) lost ground since the UK Labour government’s first budget announced £40 billion in tax hikes aimed at reducing public finance gaps and bolstering public services, as reported by CNBC.
The UK’s Office for Business Responsibility (OCR) has revised its 2024 inflation forecast upward to 2.5%, from the previous estimate of 2.2% in March. This adjustment has also led traders to anticipate fewer interest rate cuts by the Bank of England (BoE).
Interest rates are charged by financial institutions on loans to borrowers and are paid as interest to savers and depositors. They are influenced by base lending rates, which are set by central banks in response to changes in the economy. Central banks normally have a mandate to ensure price stability, which in most cases means targeting a core inflation rate of around 2%. If inflation falls below target the central bank may cut base lending rates, with a view to stimulating lending and boosting the economy. If inflation rises substantially above 2% it normally results in the central bank raising base lending rates in an attempt to lower inflation.
Higher interest rates generally help strengthen a country’s currency as they make it a more attractive place for global investors to park their money.
Higher interest rates overall weigh on the price of Gold because they increase the opportunity cost of holding Gold instead of investing in an interest-bearing asset or placing cash in the bank. If interest rates are high that usually pushes up the price of the US Dollar (USD), and since Gold is priced in Dollars, this has the effect of lowering the price of Gold.
The Fed funds rate is the overnight rate at which US banks lend to each other. It is the oft-quoted headline rate set by the Federal Reserve at its FOMC meetings. It is set as a range, for example 4.75%-5.00%, though the upper limit (in that case 5.00%) is the quoted figure. Market expectations for future Fed funds rate are tracked by the CME FedWatch tool, which shapes how many financial markets behave in anticipation of future Federal Reserve monetary policy decisions.
The USD/CHF pair gathers strength to near 0.8640 during the early European session on Friday. The rebound of the US Dollar (USD) underpins the major pair ahead of the release of the US employment report, which is due later on Friday.
The US economic data have surprised on the upside over the last two months, indicating that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) ought to be patient with its easing policy in its next meetings. Financial markets have priced in about a 90% possibility that the Fed will cut rates by 25 basis points (bps) next week, a reduction from the 50 basis points in September, according to the CME FedWatch tool.
Nonetheless, the US central bank may take the upcoming Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data on Friday into consideration about the pace and size of rate reductions in November. The US economy is estimated to added 113K job additions in October, while the Unemployment Rate is expected to remain steady at 4.1% during the same period.
Substantial job market cooling could prompt the Fed to react with more aggressive cuts, weighing on the USD. However, some labor weakness may be attributed to temporary distortions from Hurricane Helene.
On the Swiss front, the risk-off mood amid the uncertainty surrounding the US presidential election next week and the ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East could boost the safe-haven flows, benefiting the Swiss Franc (CHF). Authorities say two separate Hezbollah rocket attacks killed seven people in northern Israel, making it the worst day of such strikes in months, per the BBC.
The Swiss Franc (CHF) is Switzerland’s official currency. It is among the top ten most traded currencies globally, reaching volumes that well exceed the size of the Swiss economy. Its value is determined by the broad market sentiment, the country’s economic health or action taken by the Swiss National Bank (SNB), among other factors. Between 2011 and 2015, the Swiss Franc was pegged to the Euro (EUR). The peg was abruptly removed, resulting in a more than 20% increase in the Franc’s value, causing a turmoil in markets. Even though the peg isn’t in force anymore, CHF fortunes tend to be highly correlated with the Euro ones due to the high dependency of the Swiss economy on the neighboring Eurozone.
The Swiss Franc (CHF) is considered a safe-haven asset, or a currency that investors tend to buy in times of market stress. This is due to the perceived status of Switzerland in the world: a stable economy, a strong export sector, big central bank reserves or a longstanding political stance towards neutrality in global conflicts make the country’s currency a good choice for investors fleeing from risks. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen CHF value against other currencies that are seen as more risky to invest in.
The Swiss National Bank (SNB) meets four times a year – once every quarter, less than other major central banks – to decide on monetary policy. The bank aims for an annual inflation rate of less than 2%. When inflation is above target or forecasted to be above target in the foreseeable future, the bank will attempt to tame price growth by raising its policy rate. Higher interest rates are generally positive for the Swiss Franc (CHF) as they lead to higher yields, making the country a more attractive place for investors. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken CHF.
Macroeconomic data releases in Switzerland are key to assessing the state of the economy and can impact the Swiss Franc’s (CHF) valuation. The Swiss economy is broadly stable, but any sudden change in economic growth, inflation, current account or the central bank’s currency reserves have the potential to trigger moves in CHF. Generally, high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence are good for CHF. Conversely, if economic data points to weakening momentum, CHF is likely to depreciate.
As a small and open economy, Switzerland is heavily dependent on the health of the neighboring Eurozone economies. The broader European Union is Switzerland’s main economic partner and a key political ally, so macroeconomic and monetary policy stability in the Eurozone is essential for Switzerland and, thus, for the Swiss Franc (CHF). With such dependency, some models suggest that the correlation between the fortunes of the Euro (EUR) and the CHF is more than 90%, or close to perfect.
EUR/USD halts its four-day winning streak, trading around 1.0870 during the Asian session on Friday. This downside is attributed to the improved US Dollar (USD) due to ongoing market caution amid uncertainty leading up to the upcoming US presidential election.
On Thursday, the US Dollar encountered difficulties as the US Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index indicated that core inflation rose by 2.7% year-over-year in September. The monthly core PCE Price Index rose 0.3%, in line with the consensus. However, Initial Jobless Claims fell to a five-month low of 216,000 for the week ending October 25, signaling a resilient labor market and reducing expectations for imminent rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed).
Traders are awaiting the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report set for release on Friday. The US economy is projected to have added 113,000 jobs in October, with the Unemployment Rate expected to remain unchanged at 4.1%.
The annual inflation rate in the Eurozone increased to 2.0% in October, up from the previous 1.7% reading and surpassing forecasts of 1.9%. The core inflation rate held steady at 2.7% year-over-year. This rise in inflation is supported by stronger-than-anticipated economic growth, with the Eurozone economy expanding by 0.4% quarter-on-quarter in Q3, twice the growth seen in Q2 and exceeding predictions of 0.2%.
This unexpected increase in inflation data has bolstered expectations that the European Central Bank (ECB) will maintain a cautious approach to rate cuts, steering clear of significant reductions.
The ECB has highlighted that inflationary pressures remain elevated, primarily due to wage growth. In its recent October meeting, the ECB reaffirmed its commitment to a "data-dependent and meeting-by-meeting" strategy for future policy decisions.
The Euro is the currency for the 19 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day. EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy. The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control. Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency. A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall. Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.
Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
Here is what you need to know on Friday, November 1:
The US Dollar (USD) stays resilient against its rivals early Friday, with the USD Index holding steady near 104.00 following a three-day slide. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics will publish the labor market report for October, which will include Nonfarm Payrolls, Unemployment Rate and wage inflation figures. Later in the day, the US economic calendar will also feature ISM Manufacturing PMI data for October.
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies this week. US Dollar was the weakest against the Euro.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | -0.72% | 0.52% | -0.49% | 0.31% | 0.62% | 0.19% | -0.46% | |
EUR | 0.72% | 1.35% | 0.15% | 1.04% | 1.42% | 0.90% | 0.28% | |
GBP | -0.52% | -1.35% | -0.35% | -0.20% | 0.13% | -0.36% | -0.82% | |
JPY | 0.49% | -0.15% | 0.35% | 0.88% | 0.47% | -0.07% | -0.45% | |
CAD | -0.31% | -1.04% | 0.20% | -0.88% | 0.25% | -0.21% | -0.76% | |
AUD | -0.62% | -1.42% | -0.13% | -0.47% | -0.25% | -0.54% | -1.11% | |
NZD | -0.19% | -0.90% | 0.36% | 0.07% | 0.21% | 0.54% | -0.65% | |
CHF | 0.46% | -0.28% | 0.82% | 0.45% | 0.76% | 1.11% | 0.65% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the US Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent USD (base)/JPY (quote).
The USD struggled to find demand following mixed macroeconomic data releases on Thursday. The Initial Jobless Claims declined by 12,000 to 216,000 for the week ending October 26, while the Employment Cost Index rose by 0.8% in the third quarter, falling short of the market expectation of 0.9%. The risk-averse market atmosphere, however, helped the USD find a foothold later in the American session. In the European morning on Friday, US stock index futures trade in positive territory, pointing to an improving market mood. In October, Nonfarm Payrolls are forecast to rise by 113,000 following the impressive 254,000 increase recorded in September.
During the Asian trading hours on Friday, the data from China showed that the Caixin Manufacturing PMI rose to 50.3 in October from 49.3 in September. This reading came in better than the market expectation of 49.7. In the meantime, the Producer Price Index in Australia rose 0.9% on a quarterly basis in the third quarter, at a stronger pace than analysts' estimate of 0.7%. AUD/USD showed no reaction to these data releases and was last seen trading in the red, slightly above 0.6550.
USD/CHF lost about 0.4% on Thursday and touched its lowest level in two weeks near 0.8630. The pair recovers slightly in the European morning on Friday and trades at around 0.8650. October Consumer Price Index (CPI) data from Switzerland will be published during the European trading hours.
USD/JPY declined sharply on Thursday and dropped below 152.00, pressured by hawkish comments from Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda. The pair stages a rebound on Friday and trades above 152.50.
EUR/USD extended its recovery and closed the fourth consecutive day in positive territory on Thursday. The pair struggles to build on its weekly gains and fluctuates below 1.0900 in the European morning.
GBP/USD failed to benefit from the persistent USD weakness and fell to its lowest level since mid-August below 1.2850 on Thursday. Although the pair managed to erase a small portion of its daily losses, it lost its traction after testing 1.2900. At the time of press, GBP/USD was moving up and down in a narrow band near 1.2890.
Gold made a deep correction from the record-high it set at $2,790 and lost more than 1.5% on Thursday. XAU/USD clings to small daily gains and trades above $2,750 to begin the European session.
Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) are part of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics monthly jobs report. The Nonfarm Payrolls component specifically measures the change in the number of people employed in the US during the previous month, excluding the farming industry.
The Nonfarm Payrolls figure can influence the decisions of the Federal Reserve by providing a measure of how successfully the Fed is meeting its mandate of fostering full employment and 2% inflation. A relatively high NFP figure means more people are in employment, earning more money and therefore probably spending more. A relatively low Nonfarm Payrolls’ result, on the either hand, could mean people are struggling to find work. The Fed will typically raise interest rates to combat high inflation triggered by low unemployment, and lower them to stimulate a stagnant labor market.
Nonfarm Payrolls generally have a positive correlation with the US Dollar. This means when payrolls’ figures come out higher-than-expected the USD tends to rally and vice versa when they are lower. NFPs influence the US Dollar by virtue of their impact on inflation, monetary policy expectations and interest rates. A higher NFP usually means the Federal Reserve will be more tight in its monetary policy, supporting the USD.
Nonfarm Payrolls are generally negatively-correlated with the price of Gold. This means a higher-than-expected payrolls’ figure will have a depressing effect on the Gold price and vice versa. Higher NFP generally has a positive effect on the value of the USD, and like most major commodities Gold is priced in US Dollars. If the USD gains in value, therefore, it requires less Dollars to buy an ounce of Gold. Also, higher interest rates (typically helped higher NFPs) also lessen the attractiveness of Gold as an investment compared to staying in cash, where the money will at least earn interest.
Nonfarm Payrolls is only one component within a bigger jobs report and it can be overshadowed by the other components. At times, when NFP come out higher-than-forecast, but the Average Weekly Earnings is lower than expected, the market has ignored the potentially inflationary effect of the headline result and interpreted the fall in earnings as deflationary. The Participation Rate and the Average Weekly Hours components can also influence the market reaction, but only in seldom events like the “Great Resignation” or the Global Financial Crisis.
All eyes are on the market-moving Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October, to be released by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) on Friday at 12:30 GMT.
US labor market data is critical to determining the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) future interest-rate cuts and has a significant influence on the value of the US Dollar (USD) against its major rivals.
Economists expect the Nonfarm Payrolls to show that the US economy added a meager 113,000 jobs in October, following a strong gain of 254K in September.
The Unemployment Rate (UE) is likely to remain steady at 4.1% in the same period.
Meanwhile, Average Hourly Earnings (AHE), a closely-watched measure of wage inflation, are expected to increase by 4.0% in the year through October, at the same pace seen in September.
The October jobs report is eagerly awaited for fresh hints on the Fed’s interest rate path, especially as industry experts and analysts speculate that the Fed could pause its easing cycle next month on a blockbuster Nonfarm Payrolls print.
However, downside risks to the jobs data persist, as it is likely to be distorted by the two recent hurricanes and the strike at Boeing.
Previewing the October employment situation report, TD Securities analysts said: “The November NFP report is set to be extremely noisy, but we expect a below-consensus 70k gain. High-frequency labor market data already shows some softening, and Hurricanes and the Boeing strike may subtract a further 80k from the reading.”
“We expect the UE Rate to rebound to 4.3% from 4.1% as the decline was likely overstated, but for AHE to rise 0.4% MoM amid distortions,” they added.
Before the Fed entered its ‘blackout period’, several policymakers supported further interest rate cuts while warranting caution on the inflation outlook, echoing the US central bank’s data-dependent approach.
At the time of writing, markets are fully pricing in a 25 basis points (bps) Fed rate cut in November, with about a 70% probability of another quarter percentage point reduction in December, according to CME Group's FedWatch tool.
The USD has been capitalizing on US economic resilience and odds of a less aggressive Fed’s easing cycle leading into the NFP showdown on Friday.
Earlier in the week, the BLS reported that the JOLTS Job Openings declined to 7.44 million in September from 7.86 million in August. This reading came in below the market expectation of 7.99 million but failed to alter the market’s pricing for November’s rate cut move.
The Automatic Data Processing (ADP) announced on Wednesday that employment in the US private sector increased by 233,000 jobs for October, accelerating from the upwardly revised 159,000 in September and better than the market estimate of 115,000. Even though these figures aren’t always correlated with the official NFP numbers, the strong ADP jobs report eased concerns about the health of the US labor market, leaving room for an upside surprise in Friday’s payrolls data.
If the headline NFP reading surprises with a payroll growth below 100,000, it could trigger a fresh knee-jerk US Dollar selling wave. However, the Greenback is expected to resume its recent uptrend against its major rivals as the dust settles and markets digest the noisy data due to hurricanes and strikes. In such a scenario, EUR/USD traders will brace for a whipsaw within a familiar range.
Conversely, a stronger-than-expected NFP print and elevated wage inflation data would seal in a rate reduction by the Fed next week, providing extra legs to the USD uptrend while dragging EUR/USD back toward 1.0700.
In conclusion, the reaction to the US labor data may be short-lived, with the Greenback expected to continue its advance.
Eren Sengezer, European Session Lead Analyst at FXStreet, offers a brief technical outlook for EUR/USD:
“Once EUR/USD stabilizes above 1.0870, where the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) is located, and starts using this level as support, it could gather bullish momentum. On the upside, 1.0940 (100-day SMA) could be seen as the next hurdle before 1.1000-1.1010 (round level, 50-day SMA).”
“On the flip side, technical sellers could emerge if EUR/USD fails to clear the 1.0870 hurdle. In this scenario, 1.0800 (round level) could be seen as interim support before 1.0670 (static level from June).”
The Nonfarm Payrolls release presents the number of new jobs created in the US during the previous month in all non-agricultural businesses; it is released by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The monthly changes in payrolls can be extremely volatile. The number is also subject to strong reviews, which can also trigger volatility in the Forex board. Generally speaking, a high reading is seen as bullish for the US Dollar (USD), while a low reading is seen as bearish, although previous months' reviews and the Unemployment Rate are as relevant as the headline figure. The market's reaction, therefore, depends on how the market assesses all the data contained in the BLS report as a whole.
Read more.Next release: Fri Nov 01, 2024 12:30
Frequency: Monthly
Consensus: 113K
Previous: 254K
Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics
America’s monthly jobs report is considered the most important economic indicator for forex traders. Released on the first Friday following the reported month, the change in the number of positions is closely correlated with the overall performance of the economy and is monitored by policymakers. Full employment is one of the Federal Reserve’s mandates and it considers developments in the labor market when setting its policies, thus impacting currencies. Despite several leading indicators shaping estimates, Nonfarm Payrolls tend to surprise markets and trigger substantial volatility. Actual figures beating the consensus tend to be USD bullish.
The USD/CAD pair loses momentum to around 1.3925 during the early European trading hours on Friday. The weakening of the US Dollar (USD) drags the pair lower. Traders brace for the highly-anticipated US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) for October, which is due later on Friday.
The Commerce Department report showed the US Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index, inflation by the Fed's targeted measure, increased 2.1% on a yearly basis in September, compared to 2.2% in August. This figure came in line with market expectations.
The downside of the Greenback might be limited amid the uncertainty ahead of the US presidential election next week and the ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, boosting the safe-haven currency like the USD. However, the US October NFP report on Friday could provide cues about the Fed's interest rate outlook. Any signs of weakness in the US economy or labor market could prompt the bets of a jumbo Fed rate cut again, which might exert some selling pressure on the USD.
On the Loonie front, the rising expectation that the Bank of Canada (BoC) could deliver a bigger rate cut again amid signs the economy stalled might contribute to the Canadian Dollar’s (CAD) downside. Andrew Grantham, CIBC senior economist, said, “With growth once again appearing to fall short of their already downgraded forecast, we continue to forecast that policymakers will deliver another 50 bps cut at the December meeting.”
The key factors driving the Canadian Dollar (CAD) are the level of interest rates set by the Bank of Canada (BoC), the price of Oil, Canada’s largest export, the health of its economy, inflation and the Trade Balance, which is the difference between the value of Canada’s exports versus its imports. Other factors include market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – with risk-on being CAD-positive. As its largest trading partner, the health of the US economy is also a key factor influencing the Canadian Dollar.
The Bank of Canada (BoC) has a significant influence on the Canadian Dollar by setting the level of interest rates that banks can lend to one another. This influences the level of interest rates for everyone. The main goal of the BoC is to maintain inflation at 1-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively higher interest rates tend to be positive for the CAD. The Bank of Canada can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former CAD-negative and the latter CAD-positive.
The price of Oil is a key factor impacting the value of the Canadian Dollar. Petroleum is Canada’s biggest export, so Oil price tends to have an immediate impact on the CAD value. Generally, if Oil price rises CAD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Oil falls. Higher Oil prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance, which is also supportive of the CAD.
While inflation had always traditionally been thought of as a negative factor for a currency since it lowers the value of money, the opposite has actually been the case in modern times with the relaxation of cross-border capital controls. Higher inflation tends to lead central banks to put up interest rates which attracts more capital inflows from global investors seeking a lucrative place to keep their money. This increases demand for the local currency, which in Canada’s case is the Canadian Dollar.
Macroeconomic data releases gauge the health of the economy and can have an impact on the Canadian Dollar. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the CAD. A strong economy is good for the Canadian Dollar. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the Bank of Canada to put up interest rates, leading to a stronger currency. If economic data is weak, however, the CAD is likely to fall.
NZD/USD remains stable for the third consecutive session, trading around 0.5980 during the Asian hours on Friday. The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) may have gained some support from an unexpected increase in China's factory activity, as China is New Zealand's largest trading partner.
China's Caixin Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) rose to 50.3 in October, up from 49.3 in September, exceeding market expectations of 49.7. Additionally, the seasonally adjusted Building Permits from Statistics New Zealand showed a 2.6% month-on-month increase in new construction permits for September, following a 5.3% decline in August.
However, the Kiwi Dollar may face challenges due to a heightened likelihood of a more dovish stance from the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ), especially after inflation returned to the central bank's target range. The markets have fully priced in a 50 basis point rate cut in November and currently project a decrease in the cash rate from 4.75% to 3.82% by the end of this year.
The US Dollar (USD) breaks its four-day losing streak due to ongoing market caution amid uncertainty leading up to the upcoming US presidential election. However, the Greenback encountered difficulties as the US Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index indicated that core inflation rose by 2.7% year-over-year in September.
However, Initial Jobless Claims fell to a five-month low of 216,000 for the week ending October 25, signaling a resilient labor market and reducing expectations for imminent rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed).
Traders are awaiting the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report set for release on Friday. The US economy is projected to have added 113,000 jobs in October, with the Unemployment Rate expected to remain unchanged at 4.1%.
The New Zealand Dollar (NZD), also known as the Kiwi, is a well-known traded currency among investors. Its value is broadly determined by the health of the New Zealand economy and the country’s central bank policy. Still, there are some unique particularities that also can make NZD move. The performance of the Chinese economy tends to move the Kiwi because China is New Zealand’s biggest trading partner. Bad news for the Chinese economy likely means less New Zealand exports to the country, hitting the economy and thus its currency. Another factor moving NZD is dairy prices as the dairy industry is New Zealand’s main export. High dairy prices boost export income, contributing positively to the economy and thus to the NZD.
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) aims to achieve and maintain an inflation rate between 1% and 3% over the medium term, with a focus to keep it near the 2% mid-point. To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the RBNZ will increase interest rates to cool the economy, but the move will also make bond yields higher, increasing investors’ appeal to invest in the country and thus boosting NZD. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken NZD. The so-called rate differential, or how rates in New Zealand are or are expected to be compared to the ones set by the US Federal Reserve, can also play a key role in moving the NZD/USD pair.
Macroeconomic data releases in New Zealand are key to assess the state of the economy and can impact the New Zealand Dollar’s (NZD) valuation. A strong economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for NZD. High economic growth attracts foreign investment and may encourage the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to increase interest rates, if this economic strength comes together with elevated inflation. Conversely, if economic data is weak, NZD is likely to depreciate.
The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) tends to strengthen during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and are optimistic about growth. This tends to lead to a more favorable outlook for commodities and so-called ‘commodity currencies’ such as the Kiwi. Conversely, NZD tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.
Gold prices rose in India on Friday, according to data compiled by FXStreet.
The price for Gold stood at 7,439.47 Indian Rupees (INR) per gram, up compared with the INR 7,418.85 it cost on Thursday.
The price for Gold increased to INR 86,773.19 per tola from INR 86,531.95 per tola a day earlier.
Unit measure | Gold Price in INR |
---|---|
1 Gram | 7,439.47 |
10 Grams | 74,395.28 |
Tola | 86,773.19 |
Troy Ounce | 231,393.70 |
FXStreet calculates Gold prices in India by adapting international prices (USD/INR) to the local currency and measurement units. Prices are updated daily based on the market rates taken at the time of publication. Prices are just for reference and local rates could diverge slightly.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.
(An automation tool was used in creating this post.)
The Japanese Yen (JPY) retraces some of its recent gains following the release of the Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) by Jibun Bank and S&P Global on Friday. However, the USD/JPY pair declined as the JPY strengthened after post-meeting comments from Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda on Thursday, which were seen as increasing the likelihood of a rate hike in December.
The headline au Jibun Bank Japan Manufacturing PMI stood at 49.2 in October, indicating a decline from 49.7 in September. This composite single-figure indicator shows that Japanese manufacturing production continued to decline at the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2024, with both output and new order inflows decreasing at more pronounced rates.
Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshimasa Hayashi stated on Friday that he anticipates the Bank of Japan will collaborate closely with the government to implement appropriate monetary policy aimed at achieving its price target in a sustainable and stable manner.
Traders are anticipating the release of the US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report on Friday, with expectations that the US economy added 113,000 jobs in October, while the Unemployment Rate is forecasted to remain steady at 4.1%.
The USD/JPY pair trades around 152.40 on Friday. Daily chart analysis indicates the potential softening of the bullish bias, as the pair has broken below its ascending channel. However, the 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) remains above the 50 mark, suggesting that bullish momentum is active.
In terms of resistance, the USD/JPY pair faces resistance at the lower boundary of the ascending channel, which is at the 152.50 level. If the pair successfully re-enters this channel, it could target the upper boundary around the 158.30 level.
On the downside, support for the USD/JPY pair may be found around the 14-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) at the 151.50 level, with further support around the psychological level of 150.00.
The table below shows the percentage change of Japanese Yen (JPY) against listed major currencies today. Japanese Yen was the weakest against the New Zealand Dollar.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | 0.05% | -0.00% | 0.29% | -0.05% | 0.06% | -0.07% | 0.06% | |
EUR | -0.05% | -0.05% | 0.25% | -0.08% | 0.02% | -0.09% | 0.01% | |
GBP | 0.00% | 0.05% | 0.31% | -0.04% | 0.06% | -0.05% | 0.03% | |
JPY | -0.29% | -0.25% | -0.31% | -0.34% | -0.24% | -0.36% | -0.25% | |
CAD | 0.05% | 0.08% | 0.04% | 0.34% | 0.09% | -0.01% | 0.07% | |
AUD | -0.06% | -0.02% | -0.06% | 0.24% | -0.09% | -0.11% | -0.03% | |
NZD | 0.07% | 0.09% | 0.05% | 0.36% | 0.00% | 0.11% | 0.08% | |
CHF | -0.06% | -0.01% | -0.03% | 0.25% | -0.07% | 0.03% | -0.08% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Japanese Yen from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent JPY (base)/USD (quote).
The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the world’s most traded currencies. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by the Bank of Japan’s policy, the differential between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.
One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the Yen. The BoJ has directly intervened in currency markets sometimes, generally to lower the value of the Yen, although it refrains from doing it often due to political concerns of its main trading partners. The BoJ ultra-loose monetary policy between 2013 and 2024 caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks. More recently, the gradually unwinding of this ultra-loose policy has given some support to the Yen.
Over the last decade, the BoJ’s stance of sticking to ultra-loose monetary policy has led to a widening policy divergence with other central banks, particularly with the US Federal Reserve. This supported a widening of the differential between the 10-year US and Japanese bonds, which favored the US Dollar against the Japanese Yen. The BoJ decision in 2024 to gradually abandon the ultra-loose policy, coupled with interest-rate cuts in other major central banks, is narrowing this differential.
The Japanese Yen is often seen as a safe-haven investment. This means that in times of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money in the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen the Yen’s value against other currencies seen as more risky to invest in.
West Texas Intermediate (WTI) Oil price holds steady on Friday during Asian trading hours, around $70.20 per barrel, following gains in the previous session. Crude Oil prices were bolstered by rising geopolitical tensions amid reports that Iran may be planning a retaliatory strike on Israel from Iraqi territory in the near future.
According to a Reuters report citing Axios, two unnamed Israeli sources revealed that Israeli intelligence believes Iran intends to launch an attack from Iraq, potentially involving numerous drones and ballistic missiles, possibly before the US presidential election on November 5.
Furthermore, the OPEC+ coalition, which comprises the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, including Russia, may delay its planned output increase for December by at least a month amid concerns over weak oil demand and rising supply.
Originally, the group had aimed to boost production by 180,000 barrels per day (bpd) in December, but this increase was previously postponed from October due to falling prices, according to four sources familiar with the situation, as reported by Reuters on Wednesday.
US Oil production increased by 1.5% in August, reaching a monthly record high of 13.4 million barrels per day (bpd), according to the US Energy Information Administration's (EIA) latest Oil and natural gas production report. This figure surpasses the previous record of 13.31 million bpd set in December 2023. In major Oil-producing states, Texas saw a 1.7% rise in output to a record 5.82 million bpd, while New Mexico's production climbed 2.8%, reaching a record 2.09 million bpd.
WTI Oil is a type of Crude Oil sold on international markets. The WTI stands for West Texas Intermediate, one of three major types including Brent and Dubai Crude. WTI is also referred to as “light” and “sweet” because of its relatively low gravity and sulfur content respectively. It is considered a high quality Oil that is easily refined. It is sourced in the United States and distributed via the Cushing hub, which is considered “The Pipeline Crossroads of the World”. It is a benchmark for the Oil market and WTI price is frequently quoted in the media.
Like all assets, supply and demand are the key drivers of WTI Oil price. As such, global growth can be a driver of increased demand and vice versa for weak global growth. Political instability, wars, and sanctions can disrupt supply and impact prices. The decisions of OPEC, a group of major Oil-producing countries, is another key driver of price. The value of the US Dollar influences the price of WTI Crude Oil, since Oil is predominantly traded in US Dollars, thus a weaker US Dollar can make Oil more affordable and vice versa.
The weekly Oil inventory reports published by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the Energy Information Agency (EIA) impact the price of WTI Oil. Changes in inventories reflect fluctuating supply and demand. If the data shows a drop in inventories it can indicate increased demand, pushing up Oil price. Higher inventories can reflect increased supply, pushing down prices. API’s report is published every Tuesday and EIA’s the day after. Their results are usually similar, falling within 1% of each other 75% of the time. The EIA data is considered more reliable, since it is a government agency.
OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) is a group of 12 Oil-producing nations who collectively decide production quotas for member countries at twice-yearly meetings. Their decisions often impact WTI Oil prices. When OPEC decides to lower quotas, it can tighten supply, pushing up Oil prices. When OPEC increases production, it has the opposite effect. OPEC+ refers to an expanded group that includes ten extra non-OPEC members, the most notable of which is Russia.
The Gold price (XAU/USD) recovers some lost ground on Friday. The uncertainties surrounding the US presidential election and the ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East provide some support to the precious metal, a traditional safe-haven asset.
Nonetheless, the rising US treasury bond yields and a stronger US Dollar (USD) might weigh on the yellow metal. Traders will closely watch the US October employment report on Friday for fresh impetus, including the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP), Unemployment Rate and Average Hourly Earnings. The stronger outcome could prompt bets for less aggressive policy easing by the Federal Reserve (Fed), exerting some selling pressure on the non-yielding yellow metal.
The Gold price gains momentum on the day. The precious metal keeps a strong bullish trend on the daily timeframe as the price is well-supported above the key 100-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA). Additionally, the 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) stands above the 50-midline near 62.30, suggesting further upside looks favorable in the near term.
The all-time high and psychological mark in the $2,790-$2,800 zone appears to be a tough nut to crack for Gold bulls. A decisive break above this level could result in a rally to $2,850.
On the downside, the initial support level for the yellow metal emerges at $2,715, the low of October 24. The additional downside filter to watch is $2,624, the low of September 30. The next contention level is located at $2,600 before $2,500, the low of September 9 and round figure.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.
The Australian Dollar (AUD) edges lower against the US Dollar (USD) following two days of gains, as Australia's mixed Producer Price Index (PPI) data for the third quarter was released on Friday. However, expectations of a hawkish stance from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) continue to support the Aussie Dollar, limiting losses in the AUD/USD pair.
Australia's Producer Price Index rose by 0.9% quarter-on-quarter in Q3, following a 1.0% increase in the prior period and surpassing market forecasts of a 0.7% rise. This marks the 17th consecutive period of producer inflation. On an annual basis, the PPI growth slowed to 3.9% in Q3, down from the previous quarter’s 4.8% increase.
China’s Caixin Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) increased to 50.3 in October, up from 49.3 in September, surpassing market expectations of 49.7. As China is a key trade partner for Australia, shifts in the Chinese economy could significantly influence Australian markets.
The US Dollar (USD) faced challenges after the release of Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) - Price Index data on Thursday. However, the downside of the USD would be restrained due to prevailing market caution amid uncertainty ahead of the upcoming US presidential election.
Traders are awaiting the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report set for release on Friday. The US economy is projected to have added 113,000 jobs in October, with the Unemployment Rate expected to remain unchanged at 4.1%.
AUD/USD trades near 0.6570 on Friday. The daily chart indicates a potential softening of the bearish bias, as the pair has broken above its descending channel pattern. The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) aligns with lower highs and lows, suggesting that bearish sentiment persists.
On the support side, AUD/USD may test the upper boundary at 0.6550, potentially re-entering the descending channel. A successful return would reinforce the bearish bias, pushing the pair toward the key psychological level of 0.6500, followed by the channel's lower boundary near 0.6480.
Regarding resistance, AUD/USD could challenge the nine-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) at 0.6604. A break above this level may bolster the pair, potentially paving the way to the psychological level of 0.6700.
The table below shows the percentage change of Australian Dollar (AUD) against listed major currencies today. Australian Dollar was the weakest against the Canadian Dollar.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | 0.03% | 0.04% | 0.11% | -0.04% | 0.12% | 0.11% | 0.03% | |
EUR | -0.03% | 0.00% | 0.12% | -0.06% | 0.10% | 0.11% | 0.00% | |
GBP | -0.04% | -0.01% | 0.12% | -0.07% | 0.09% | 0.09% | -0.04% | |
JPY | -0.11% | -0.12% | -0.12% | -0.16% | 0.00% | -0.00% | -0.10% | |
CAD | 0.04% | 0.06% | 0.07% | 0.16% | 0.15% | 0.16% | 0.03% | |
AUD | -0.12% | -0.10% | -0.09% | -0.00% | -0.15% | 0.00% | -0.12% | |
NZD | -0.11% | -0.11% | -0.09% | 0.00% | -0.16% | -0.01% | -0.13% | |
CHF | -0.03% | -0.01% | 0.04% | 0.10% | -0.03% | 0.12% | 0.13% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Australian Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent AUD (base)/USD (quote).
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Raw materials | Closed | Change, % |
---|---|---|
Silver | 32.647 | -3.16 |
Gold | 274.353 | -1.54 |
Palladium | 1119.23 | -2.23 |
China's Caixin Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) jumped to 50.3 in October after recording 49.3 in September, the latest data showed on Friday.
The market forecast was for a 49.7 figure in the reported month.
At the time of writing, AUD/USD is trading 0.13% lower on the day at 0.6573.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Japan Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshimasa Hayashi said on Friday that he expected the Bank of Japan (BoJ) to work closely with the government to conduct appropriate monetary policy to sustainably, and stably hit its price target.
Monetary policy falls under jurisdiction of BoJ, with no comment on the government's view on its decision.
Expect BoJ to conduct appropriate monetary policy to sustainably, and stably hit its price target, working closely with the govenment.
At the time of writing, USD/JPY is trading 0.03% higher on the day at 152.07.
The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the world’s most traded currencies. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by the Bank of Japan’s policy, the differential between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.
One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the Yen. The BoJ has directly intervened in currency markets sometimes, generally to lower the value of the Yen, although it refrains from doing it often due to political concerns of its main trading partners. The BoJ ultra-loose monetary policy between 2013 and 2024 caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks. More recently, the gradually unwinding of this ultra-loose policy has given some support to the Yen.
Over the last decade, the BoJ’s stance of sticking to ultra-loose monetary policy has led to a widening policy divergence with other central banks, particularly with the US Federal Reserve. This supported a widening of the differential between the 10-year US and Japanese bonds, which favored the US Dollar against the Japanese Yen. The BoJ decision in 2024 to gradually abandon the ultra-loose policy, coupled with interest-rate cuts in other major central banks, is narrowing this differential.
The Japanese Yen is often seen as a safe-haven investment. This means that in times of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money in the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen the Yen’s value against other currencies seen as more risky to invest in.
The People’s Bank of China (PBoC) set the USD/CNY central rate for the trading session ahead on Friday at 7.1135, as compared to the previous day's fix of 7.1250 and 7.1122 Reuters estimates.
The USD/JPY pair softens to around 151.95 during the Asian trading hours on Friday. The Japanese Yen (JPY) edges higher after Bank of Japan (BoJ) Governor Kazuo Ueda’s remarks, which were interpreted as heightening the chance of a rate hike in December.
The Bank of Japan (BoJ) decided to keep short-term interest rates at 0.25% at its two-day meeting on Thursday. The central bank projected inflation would move around its 2% target in the coming years. "Looking at domestic data, wages and prices are moving in line with our forecasts. As for downside risks to the US and overseas economies, we're seeing clouds clear a bit," said BoJ Governor Kazuo Ueda. The less dovish remarks from the BoJ officials are likely to underpin the JPY in the near term.
The US October Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data will be the highlight on Friday. The US economy is estimated to added 113K job additions in October, while the Unemployment Rate is expected to remain steady at 4.1%. In case of the weaker-than-expected data, this could prompt Federal Reserve (Fed) dovish bets, exerting some selling pressure on the Greenback.
The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the Japanese central bank, which sets monetary policy in the country. Its mandate is to issue banknotes and carry out currency and monetary control to ensure price stability, which means an inflation target of around 2%.
The Bank of Japan embarked in an ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013 in order to stimulate the economy and fuel inflation amid a low-inflationary environment. The bank’s policy is based on Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE), or printing notes to buy assets such as government or corporate bonds to provide liquidity. In 2016, the bank doubled down on its strategy and further loosened policy by first introducing negative interest rates and then directly controlling the yield of its 10-year government bonds. In March 2024, the BoJ lifted interest rates, effectively retreating from the ultra-loose monetary policy stance.
The Bank’s massive stimulus caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process exacerbated in 2022 and 2023 due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation. The BoJ’s policy led to a widening differential with other currencies, dragging down the value of the Yen. This trend partly reversed in 2024, when the BoJ decided to abandon its ultra-loose policy stance.
A weaker Yen and the spike in global energy prices led to an increase in Japanese inflation, which exceeded the BoJ’s 2% target. The prospect of rising salaries in the country – a key element fuelling inflation – also contributed to the move.
Index | Change, points | Closed | Change, % |
---|---|---|---|
NIKKEI 225 | -196.14 | 39081.25 | -0.5 |
Hang Seng | -63.31 | 20317.33 | -0.31 |
KOSPI | -37.64 | 2556.15 | -1.45 |
ASX 200 | -20.4 | 8160 | -0.25 |
DAX | -179.8 | 19077.54 | -0.93 |
CAC 40 | -77.99 | 7350.37 | -1.05 |
Dow Jones | -378.08 | 41763.46 | -0.9 |
S&P 500 | -108.22 | 5705.45 | -1.86 |
NASDAQ Composite | -512.78 | 18095.15 | -2.76 |
The GBP/USD pair remains on the defensive around 1.2895, the lowest since August 16 during the early Asian trading hours on Friday. The major pair edges lower after the UK Labour government announced its first Autumn Forecast Statement on Wednesday.
The US inflation, as measured by the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCE), grew at a slightly faster-than-expected pace in September. Data released by the US Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) on Thursday showed that the headline PCE rose 2.1% YoY in September, compared to 2.2% in August, in line with the market consensus of 2.1%.
The core PCE, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, jumped 2.7% in the same period, matching August's rise and above the market estimation of 2.6%. According to the CME FedWatch tool, the financial markets expect the Fed to cut the interest rate by 25 basis points (bps) in both of the policy meetings to be held in the November and December meetings.
Investors will closely monitor the US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for October on Friday for fresh impetus. The NFP report is expected to show that the US economy added 113K job additions in October, while the Unemployment Rate is expected to remain steady at 4.1%.
On the UK’s front, the UK's new Labour government released its first budget on Wednesday, which includes £40 billion in tax rises to plug a hole in the public finances and allow for investment in public services.
Additionally, the UK’s Office for Business Responsibility (OCR) upwardly revised inflation forecasts for 2024 to 2.5% from 2.2% estimated earlier in March, a revision that also led traders to expect less interest rate reductions by the Bank of England (BoE). This, in turn, might cap the downside for the Pound Sterling (GBP).
The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).
The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.
Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.
Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.
Pare | Closed | Change, % |
---|---|---|
AUDUSD | 0.65784 | 0.13 |
EURJPY | 165.425 | -0.61 |
EURUSD | 1.08822 | 0.23 |
GBPJPY | 196.057 | -1.31 |
GBPUSD | 1.28963 | -0.48 |
NZDUSD | 0.59775 | 0.11 |
USDCAD | 1.39309 | 0.23 |
USDCHF | 0.86342 | -0.32 |
USDJPY | 152.011 | -0.84 |
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Izvršenje trgovinskih operacija sa finansijskim instrumentima upotrebom marginalne trgovine pruža velike mogućnosti i omogućava investitorima ostvarivanje visokih prihoda. Međutim, takav vid trgovine povezan je sa potencijalno visokim nivoom rizika od gubitka sredstava. Проведение торговых операций на финанcовых рынках c маржинальными финанcовыми инcтрументами открывает широкие возможноcти, и позволяет инвеcторам, готовым пойти на риcк, получать выcокую прибыль, но при этом неcет в cебе потенциально выcокий уровень риcка получения убытков. Iz tog razloga je pre započinjanja trgovine potrebno odlučiti o izboru odgovarajuće investicione strategije, uzimajući u obzir raspoložive resurse.
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