The Indian Rupee (INR) trades flat on Monday despite the recovery of the US Dollar (USD). The rising hopes of rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed), lower US bond yields, and persistent India’s foreign inflows might lift the INR. Nonetheless, the extended gains in crude oil prices and the renewed Greenback demand from state-run banks and local importers limit the INR’s potential gains. The downside of the local currency might be limited amid the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) routine interventions, which might support the INR from depreciating to near multi-month lows.
Looking ahead, investors will keep an eye on India’s Wholesale Price Index (WPI) Inflation data on Monday, which is expected to rise to 3.50% YoY in June from 2.61% in May. Also, the Indian Trade Balance will be released. On the US docket, the NY Empire State Manufacturing Index for July will be published, while Fed’s Mary Daly is due to speak.
The Indian Rupee trades on a flat note on the day. The USD/INR pair stays bullish on the daily chart as it holds above the key 100-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA).
Nonetheless, in the shorter term, the pair has remained within its month-long range since March 21. The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) hovers around the 50-midline, suggesting that further consolidation cannot be ruled out.
A decisive break above the upper boundary of the trading range at 83.65 might pave the way to the all-time high of 83.75. Further north, the next upside barrier will emerge at the 84.00 psychological level.
On the flip side, a breach of the 100-day EMA at 83.37 might drag the pair lower to the 83.00 round figure. Sustained trading below this level will expose 82.82, a low of January 12.
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies today. US Dollar was the strongest against the New Zealand Dollar.
USD | EUR | GBP | CAD | AUD | JPY | NZD | CHF | |
USD | -0.02% | 0.01% | 0.03% | 0.00% | -0.13% | 0.06% | -0.10% | |
EUR | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.05% | 0.02% | -0.12% | 0.07% | -0.09% | |
GBP | -0.02% | -0.03% | 0.02% | -0.01% | -0.13% | 0.03% | -0.12% | |
CAD | -0.05% | -0.05% | -0.03% | -0.04% | -0.16% | -0.01% | -0.15% | |
AUD | 0.00% | -0.02% | 0.00% | 0.03% | -0.15% | 0.05% | -0.12% | |
JPY | 0.15% | 0.15% | 0.16% | 0.21% | 0.15% | 0.15% | 0.04% | |
NZD | -0.04% | -0.07% | -0.05% | -0.02% | -0.06% | -0.16% | -0.16% | |
CHF | 0.10% | 0.08% | 0.11% | 0.13% | 0.13% | -0.02% | 0.13% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Euro from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent EUR (base)/JPY (quote).
The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of Crude Oil (the country is highly dependent on imported Oil), the value of the US Dollar – most trade is conducted in USD – and the level of foreign investment, are all influential. Direct intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in FX markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are further major influencing factors on the Rupee.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in forex markets to maintain a stable exchange rate, to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI tries to maintain the inflation rate at its 4% target by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the Rupee. This is due to the role of the ‘carry trade’ in which investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so as to place their money in countries’ offering relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.
Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the Rupee include inflation, interest rates, the economic growth rate (GDP), the balance of trade, and inflows from foreign investment. A higher growth rate can lead to more overseas investment, pushing up demand for the Rupee. A less negative balance of trade will eventually lead to a stronger Rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates less inflation) are also positive for the Rupee. A risk-on environment can lead to greater inflows of Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment (FDI and FII), which also benefit the Rupee.
Higher inflation, particularly, if it is comparatively higher than India’s peers, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, leading to more Rupees being sold to purchase foreign imports, which is Rupee-negative. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates and this can be positive for the Rupee, due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true of lower inflation.
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