Date | Rate | Change |
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The AUD/USD pair rises sharply to near 0.6330 in North American trading hours on Monday. The Aussie pair attracts significant bids as the US Dollar (USD) trades cautiously, with investors turning cautious over the United States (US) economic outlook. The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, trades around 103.50, the lowest level seen in four months.
The S&P500 is down almost 1.5% in the North American session, indicating a significant decline in investors’ risk appetite.
Market participants have become increasingly concerned over US growth prospects after commentary from US President Donald Trump on Friday that there is a “period of transition”, because what we are doing is very “big” in an interview with Fox News. Investors have taken Trump’s comments as a signal to an economic turbulence in the near term.
Additionally, weakness in a slew of economic data released lately has also flagged uncertainty over the US economic path. The US Consumer Confidence slumped to 15-month low, the ISM Manufacturing New Orders Index declined and the Unemployment Rate accelerated in February.
Meanwhile, the Australian Dollar (AUD) trades higher despite faster-than-expected slowdown in the China’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for February. Month-on-month CPI deflated by 0.2% after growing by 0.7% in January. Economists expected the inflation data to have deflated by 0.1%. On year, the CPI declined by 0.7% against estimates of 0.5% deflation. Persistently lower inflationary pressures indicate significant weakness in the Chinese economy. Such a scenario is unfavorable for the Aussie Dollar, knowing that Australia relies heavily on exports to China.
This week, the Australian economic calendar will be light. Therefore, investors will pay close attention to the US data to project the next move in the Aussie pair. Investors will focus closely on the US CPI data for February, which will be released on Wednesday.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Current price movements appear to be part of a range trading phase between 0.6280 and 0.6330. In the longer run, buildup in upward momentum is slowing; a breach of 0.6265 would suggest AUD is likely to trade in a range vs US Dollar (USD) instead of recovering, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "Last Friday, we expected AUD to 'trade in a range between 0.6300 and 0.6350.' Instead of trading in a range, AUD fell to a low of 0.6283, rebounding to close lower by 0.41% at 0.6306. The decline lacks momentum, and the current price movements appear to be part of a range trading phase, most likely between 0.6280 and 0.6330."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "Our most recent narrative was from last Thursday (06 Mar, spot at 0.6330), wherein AUD 'could recover, potentially reaching 0.6410.' Since then, AUD has not been able to make much headway on the upside. The buildup in momentum is slowing, and a breach of 0.6265 (no change in ‘strong support’ level) would suggest AUD is likely to trade in a range instead of recovering."
The AUD/USD pair weakens to near 0.6305 during the early Asian session on Monday. The disappointing Chinese economic data over the weekend weighs on the China-proxy Australian Dollar (AUD). However, the concerns over a looming slowdown in the US economy might help limit the pair’s losses.
Data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on Sunday showed that China’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) fell by 0.7% YoY in February, compared to 0.5% growth in January. This figure came in softer than the estimation of a 0.5% decline. On a monthly basis, Chinese CPI inflation came in at -0.2% in February versus January’s 0.7%, softer than -0.1% expected.
Meanwhile, the country’s Producer Price Index (PPI) declined 2.2% YoY in February, following a 2.3% fall in January. The data came in below the market consensus of -2.1%. Deflationary pressures continue to weigh on the world’s second-largest economy, which exerts some selling pressure on the Aussie.
On the other hand, the cautious stance from the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) might support the AUD against the US Dollar (USD). The RBA is cautious about lowering the benchmark interest rate further and the decision to reduce its rate in February does not mean that the central bank is committed to cutting again at coming meetings, the minutes of the RBA meeting held on February 17 and 18 showed.
The US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) rose by 151,000 in February, followed by the 125,000 increase (revised from 143,000) seen in January, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) showed Friday. This figure came in weaker than the market expectation of 160,000. The weaker-than-expected job growth in the United States could undermine the Greenback and act as a tailwind for the AUD/USD.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Australian Dollar (AUD) is expected to trade in a range between 0.6300 and 0.6350 vs US Dollar (USD). In the longer run, rapid increase in momentum suggests AUD could recover, potentially reaching 0.6410, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "Yesterday, we expected AUD to 'continue to strengthen.' However, we held the view that it 'it does not seem to have enough momentum to reach 0.6410'. We pointed out, 'there is another resistance at 0.6370.' During the NY session, AUD rose briefly to 0.6364 before easing to close largely flat at 0.6332 (-0.05%). The brief advance did not result in any increase in momentum, and we expect range trading today, likely between 0.6300 and 0.6350."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "We revised our view from negative to positive yesterday (06 Mar, spot at 0.6330). We highlighted that the strong advance from two days ago 'has resulted in a rapid increase in momentum,' and AUD 'could recover, potentially reaching 0.6410.' Our view remains unchanged. To sustain the momentum, AUD must hold above 0.6265 (‘strong support’ level was at 0.6235 yesterday)."
Australian Dollar (AUD) is expected to continue to strengthen vs US Dollar (USD), but it does seem to have enough momentum to reach 0.6410 for now. In the longer run, rapid increase in momentum suggests AUD could recover, potentially reaching 0.6410, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "While we expected AUD to 'strengthen further' yesterday, we were of the view that 'any advance is likely part of a higher range of 0.6230/0.6285.' However, AUD broke decisively above 0.6285 and soared to 0.6343. Today, we continue to expect AUD strength. However, at this stage, it does not seem to have enough momentum to reach 0.6410. There is another resistance at 0.6370. On the downside, any pullback is likely to hold above 0.6270 (minor support is at 0.6300)."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "After holding a negative view since late last week, we cautioned yesterday (05 Mar, spot at 0.6260) that 'momentum is slowing, and the likelihood of further declines is diminishing.' We stated, 'a breach of 0.6285 would indicate stabilisation.' We did not expect AUD to soar to 0.6343. The strong advance has resulted in a rapid increase in momentum. From here, we expect AUD to recover, potentially reaching 0.6410. To sustain the buildup in momentum, AUD must remain above 0.6235."
The AUD/USD pair is slightly higher to near 0.6280 in North American trading hours on Wednesday. The Aussie pair is trading higher while the US Dollar (USD) plunges due to multiple headwinds, such as an intensifying trade war and escalating Federal Reserve (Fed) dovish bets.
The Australian Dollar (AUD) is facing significant selling pressure amid a trade war between China and the United States (US). China has announced retaliatory tariffs on the US, resulting in an escalation in trade war between them. Earlier, US President Donald Trump had imposed an additional 10% tariff on China, along with 25% on Canada and Mexico, for pouring drugs into the US economy.
The Aussie Dollar is also the victim of the US-China trade war, knowing that the Australian economy relies heavily on exports to China. Higher tariffs on China have made Chinese products less competitive globally.
Domestically, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is unlikely to cut interest rates again soon as its battle against inflation is not over. RBA's minutes for the February policy meeting showed that it reduced the Official Cash Rate (OCR) by 25 basis points (bps) to 4.10%.
Meanwhile, soft ADP Employment data for February is expected to exert more pressure on the US Dollar. The ADP reported that private employers added 77K fresh workers, lower than estimates of 140K and the former release of 186K. Soft labor demand in the US private sector is expected to prompt Fed dovish bets, which had already increased due to weak Personal Spending data for January.
For more information about the current status of US employment, investors will focus on the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) data for February, which will be released on Friday.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
AUD/USD is firmer on US Dollar (USD) weakness, BBH's FX analysts report.
"Australia’s Q4 real GDP matched consensus. The economy grew 0.6% q/q vs. 0.3% in Q3. Both public and private expenditure contributed to the growth, supported by an increase in exports of goods and services. On an annual basis, real GDP was up 1.3% in Q4 slightly above the RBA’s 1.1% forecast. The RBA projects growth to return to its trend rate of 2% over 2025."
"RBA remains cautious which offers AUD support. Deputy Governor Andrew Hauser reiterated overnight that 'the Board does not currently share the market’s confidence that a sequence of further cuts will be required.'"
"Interest rate futures imply almost 75bps of easing in the next 12 months with the next 25bps cut priced-in for May as heightened trade tensions weighs on the global economic outlook."
Australian Dollar (AUD) could strengthen further vs US Dollar (USD); any advance is likely part of a higher range of 0.6230/0.6285. In the longer run, momentum is slowing, and the likelihood of further declines is diminishing; a breach of 0.6285 would indicate stabilisation, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "Two days ago, we expected AUD to trade in a range. Yesterday, we indicated that 'the price action still appears to be part of a range trading phase,' and we expected AUD to 'trade between 0.6190 and 0.6250.' However, after dipping briefly to 0.6187, AUD soared, reaching a high of 0.6272. While further AUD strength seems likely today, given that momentum has not increased significantly, any advance is likely part of a higher range of 0.6230/0.6285. In other words, AUD is unlikely to break clearly above 0.6280."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "We have maintained a negative AUD view since late last week. After AUD fell, in our latest narrative from Monday (03 Mar, spot at 0.6215), we highlighted that 'While declines still seem likely, AUD must break and remain below 0.6190 before a move to 0.6155 can be expected.' Yesterday, AUD dipped briefly to 0.6187 and then rebounded. Momentum is beginning to slow, and the likelihood of further declines is diminishing. However, only a breach of 0.6285 (no change in ‘strong resistance’ level from yesterday) would indicate that the weakness has stabilised."
The AUD/USD pair is down 0.1% to near 0.6220 in European trading hours on Tuesday. The Aussie pair trades lower even though the US Dollar (USD) extends its downside, suggesting significant weakness in the Australian Dollar (AUD).
The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, revisits the 11-week low of 106.15.
The Australian Dollar faces strong selling pressure as United States (US) President Donald Trump has announced additional 10% tariffs on China. Trump also slapped 10% levy on China in early February. Higher tariffs on Chinese products would diminish their competitiveness in the global market. Such a scenario could be unfavorable for the Aussie Dollar as it is the leading trading partner of China.
The table below shows the percentage change of Australian Dollar (AUD) against listed major currencies today. Australian Dollar was the strongest against the US Dollar.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | -0.22% | -0.08% | -0.39% | -0.47% | 0.00% | -0.15% | -0.53% | |
EUR | 0.22% | 0.15% | -0.16% | -0.24% | 0.23% | 0.08% | -0.32% | |
GBP | 0.08% | -0.15% | -0.30% | -0.40% | 0.08% | -0.08% | -0.46% | |
JPY | 0.39% | 0.16% | 0.30% | -0.09% | 0.39% | 0.23% | -0.15% | |
CAD | 0.47% | 0.24% | 0.40% | 0.09% | 0.47% | 0.33% | -0.07% | |
AUD | -0.01% | -0.23% | -0.08% | -0.39% | -0.47% | -0.15% | -0.55% | |
NZD | 0.15% | -0.08% | 0.08% | -0.23% | -0.33% | 0.15% | -0.39% | |
CHF | 0.53% | 0.32% | 0.46% | 0.15% | 0.07% | 0.55% | 0.39% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Australian Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent AUD (base)/USD (quote).
On the domestic front, an expected increase in Australian Retail Sales could offer some cushion to the antipodean. The Retail Sales data, a key measure of consumer spending, rose by 0.3% in January on month after declining by 0.1% in December.
Meanwhile, the US Dollar faces pressure on mounting bets that the Federal Reserve (Fed) could resume the monetary expansion cycle in the June policy meeting. The likelihood for the Fed to reduce interest rates in June has increased to 87% from 69% recorded a week ago, according to the CME FedWatch tool.
Generally speaking, a trade war is an economic conflict between two or more countries due to extreme protectionism on one end. It implies the creation of trade barriers, such as tariffs, which result in counter-barriers, escalating import costs, and hence the cost of living.
An economic conflict between the United States (US) and China began early in 2018, when President Donald Trump set trade barriers on China, claiming unfair commercial practices and intellectual property theft from the Asian giant. China took retaliatory action, imposing tariffs on multiple US goods, such as automobiles and soybeans. Tensions escalated until the two countries signed the US-China Phase One trade deal in January 2020. The agreement required structural reforms and other changes to China’s economic and trade regime and pretended to restore stability and trust between the two nations. However, the Coronavirus pandemic took the focus out of the conflict. Yet, it is worth mentioning that President Joe Biden, who took office after Trump, kept tariffs in place and even added some additional levies.
The return of Donald Trump to the White House as the 47th US President has sparked a fresh wave of tensions between the two countries. During the 2024 election campaign, Trump pledged to impose 60% tariffs on China once he returned to office, which he did on January 20, 2025. With Trump back, the US-China trade war is meant to resume where it was left, with tit-for-tat policies affecting the global economic landscape amid disruptions in global supply chains, resulting in a reduction in spending, particularly investment, and directly feeding into the Consumer Price Index inflation.
Australian Dollar (AUD) is expected to trade between 0.6190 and 0.6250 vs US Dollar (USD). In the longer run, AUD must break and remain below 0.6190 before a move to 0.6155 can be expected, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "After AUD fell to a low 0.6192 last Friday and then rebounded, we highlighted yesterday (Monday) that 'the rebound in oversold conditions and slowing momentum indicates that AUD is unlikely to weaken further.' We expected AUD to 'trade in a 0.6195/0.6240 range.' AUD subsequently traded in a higher and wider range than expected (0.6204/0.6255), closing at 0.6225 (+0.27%). The price action still appears to be part of a range trading phase. Today, we expect AUD to trade between 0.6190 and 0.6250."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "Our update from yesterday (03 Mar, spot at 0.6215) still stands. As highlighted, “While declines still seem likely, AUD must break and remain below 0.6190 before a move to 0.6155 can be expected.” We will continue to hold the same view provided that AUD remains below 0.6285 (no change in ‘strong resistance’ level from yesterday). Note that below 0.6190, there is another major support at 0.6155."
AUD/USD gains sharply to near 0.6230 as the US Dollar (USD) faces strong selling pressure. Fed dovish bets have escalated following a decline in United States (US) Personal Spending for January. However, the Australian Dollar (AUD) could again face selling pressure if President Donald Trump proceeds with additional tariffs on key trading partners, including China, Mexico, and Canada.
The AUD/USD pair rose by about 0.67% to the mid-0.6200 region, temporarily reversing its downward momentum from last week. While the Aussie stopped the bleeding on account of a softer US Dollar, the outlook stays bearish after multiple sessions of losses. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) currently sits in a lower band, although it is rising sharply and suggests some buyer interest returning. Meanwhile, the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) histogram shows red bars, indicating lackluster upside strength. Key resistance stands near the 0.6300–0.6330 handle, with further hurdles around recent swing highs. A renewed tariff threat or weaker Chinese demand could easily cap gains and trigger a retest of last week’s lows.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
The AUD/USD pair climbs to near 0.6230 in North American trading hours on Monday. The Aussie pair gains as the US Dollar (USD) faces strong selling pressure after comments from United States (US) Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick indicated that tariffs by President Donald Trump on Canada and Mexico could be lower than 25% as stated earlier.
The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, tumbles to near 106.80.
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies today. US Dollar was the strongest against the Japanese Yen.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | -0.93% | -0.84% | 0.29% | -0.24% | -0.40% | -0.26% | -0.32% | |
EUR | 0.93% | -0.02% | 1.00% | 0.50% | 0.43% | 0.49% | 0.43% | |
GBP | 0.84% | 0.02% | 1.13% | 0.53% | 0.45% | 0.51% | 0.46% | |
JPY | -0.29% | -1.00% | -1.13% | -0.30% | -0.63% | -0.48% | -0.60% | |
CAD | 0.24% | -0.50% | -0.53% | 0.30% | -0.01% | -0.00% | -0.07% | |
AUD | 0.40% | -0.43% | -0.45% | 0.63% | 0.00% | 0.07% | 0.00% | |
NZD | 0.26% | -0.49% | -0.51% | 0.48% | 0.00% | -0.07% | -0.06% | |
CHF | 0.32% | -0.43% | -0.46% | 0.60% | 0.07% | -0.00% | 0.06% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the US Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent USD (base)/JPY (quote).
Over the weekend, Howard Lutnick said to Fox News that there are going to be “tariffs on Mexico and Canada on Tuesday” but we are going to leave that for the “President and his team to negotiate”.
Additionally, escalating Federal Reserve (Fed) dovish bets have also weighed on the US Dollar. The probability for the Fed to cut interest rates in the June policy meeting has increased to 74% from 63% a week ago, according to the CME FedWatch tool. Fed dovish bets have swelled due to a decline in the US Personal Spending data for January.
Meanwhile, the upside in the Aussie pair remains capped as Donald Trump is poised to impose additional 10% tariffs on China, alongwith his North American peers. The impact of Trump’s tariffs is also unfavorable for the Australian Dollar (AUD) knowing that Australian exports rely heavily on the Chinese economy.
Going forward, investors will focus on the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) minutes for the February meeting, which will be released on Tuesday. In February, the RBA reduced its Official Cash Rate (OCR) by 25 basis points (bps) to 4.10%. This was the first interest rate cut decision by the RBA since November 2020. RBA Governor Michele Bullock guided a cautious stance on further policy-easing as the battle against inflation is not over yet.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Australian Dollar (AUD) is expected to trade in a 0.6195/0.6240 range. In the longer run, AUD must break and remain below 0.6190 before a move to 0.6155 can be expected, UOB Group's FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "Following AUD sharp drop last Thursday, we highlighted on Friday that AUD 'could continue to decline, but the major support at 0.6190 could be just out of reach.' Our view turned out to be correct, as AUD dropped to 0.6192 before rebounding. The rebound in oversold conditions and slowing momentum, indicates that AUD is unlikely to weaken further. Today, we expect AUD to trade in a 0.6195/0.6240 range."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "When AUD was at 0.6310 last Thursday, 27 Feb, we highlighted it 'could edge lower, but it must break clearly below 0.6280 before a move to 0.6255 can be expected.' AUD then dropped sharply, and on Friday (28 Feb, spot at 0.6235), we stated, 'further declines seem likely, and the level to monitor is 0.6190.' AUD then dropped to a low of 0.6192. While declines still seem likely, AUD must break and remain below 0.6190 before a move to 0.6155 can be expected. The likelihood of AUD breaking clearly below 0.6190 will remain intact provided that the ‘strong resistance’ at 0.6285 (level was at 0.6305 last Friday) remains intact."
The AUD/USD pair recovers some lost ground to near 0.6215, snapping the six-day losing streak during the early Asian session on Monday. The upbeat Chinese economic data provides some support to the pair. Later on Monday, China’s February Caixin Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) will be in the spotlight.
China's PMI returned to positive territory in February as the country ramped up measures to boost its economy. Data released by the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing (CFLP) on Saturday showed that the country’s NBS Manufacturing PMI improved to 50.2 in February versus 49.1 prior. This figure came in stronger than the 49.9 expected. Meanwhile, the NBS Non-Manufacturing PMI climbed to 50.4 in February from 50.2 in January, beating the estimation of 50.3.
The encouraging Chinese PMI report has lifted the China-proxy Australian dollar (AUD) as China is a major trading partner to Australia. However, tariffs imposed by the United States threaten to overshadow the manufacturing recovery and might cap the AUD’s upside.
US President Donald Trump has said that an additional 10% tariff will be placed on Chinese imports starting Tuesday, compounding the initial 10% rate that took effect last month. Escalating trade tensions between the US and China could boost the safe-haven flows and benefit the US Dollar (USD) in the near term.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
The AUD/USD pair posts a fresh three-week low near 0.6200 in Friday’s trading session after extending its losing streak for the sixth straight day. The Aussie was already under downward pressure throughout the week but faced an extra blow following United States (US) President Donald Trump’s proposal of additional 10% tariffs on China on Thursday. Inflation data from the US also took center stage with the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) data from January meeting expectations as well as Trump’s meeting with the Ukrainian president.
The AUD/USD pair fell by around 0.54% to trade near 0.6200 on Friday, extending a six-day losing streak and losing support from its 20-day Simple Moving Average. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) hovers in the lower part of the scale, suggesting waning bullish momentum, while the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) histogram shows decreasing green bars, reflecting diminishing upside pressure. Immediate support could emerge around the 0.6150 zone, whereas a bounce would likely face resistance near the 20-day SMA if risk sentiment improves or tariff anxieties recede.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Australian Dollar (AUD) could continue to decline vs US Dollar (USD), but the major support at 0.6190 could be just out of reach. In the longer run, further AUD declines seem likely; the level to monitor is 0.6190, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "While we pointed out yesterday that 'the risk for AUD is on the downside,' we were of the view that 'any decline may not break the major support at 0.6280.' AUD then dropped but held above 0.6280 until the NY session when it plunged to 0.6232. Today, AUD could continue to decline, but the major support at 0.6190 could be just out of reach. Resistance levels are at 0.6255 and 0.6275."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "Yesterday, 27 Feb, when AUD was at 0.6310, we highlighted that it 'could edge lower, but it must break clearly below 0.6280 before a move to 0.6255 can be expected.' We also highlighted that 'the likelihood of AUD breaking clearly below 0.6280 will remain intact provided that the ‘strong resistance’ level at 0.6375 is not breached.' We did not expect the subsequent sharp drop that sent AUD to a low of 0.6232. Further declines seem likely, and the level to monitor is 0.6190. On the upside, the ‘strong resistance’ level has moved lower to 0.6305 from 0.6375."
The AUD/USD pair posts a fresh three-week low near 0.6200 in European trading session after extending its losing streak for the sixth trading day on Friday. The Aussie pair was already facing pressure the entire week but sensed more pressure after United States (US) President Donald Trump threatened to impose additional 10% tariffs on China on Thursday.
US President Trump said in a tweet from his Truth.Social account that he will slap an additional 10% levy on China due to continuous flows of drugs into the economy through the borders of Canada and Mexico. Trump also confirmed that the 25% tariffs proposed for Canada and Mexico are coming into effect on March 4.
Additional import duties from the US are expected to further weigh on Chinese economic growth. Donald Trump also imposed 10% tariffs on China earlier this month. The Australian economy relies heavily on exports to China, and higher import duties by the US on the world’s second-largest economy make its products less competitive. Therefore, Trump’s tariffs have indirectly impacted the Australian Dollar (AUD), which is vulnerable to policies that weigh on demand for Chinese products.
On the monetary policy front, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is unlikely to cut interest rates again soon. RBA Deputy Governor Andrew Hauser said on Thursday that he wants to see more “positive inflation data” before considering further rate cuts.
On the US Dollar (USD) front, investors await the United States (US) Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCE) data for January, which will be published at 13:30 GMT. Investors will pay close attention to the core PCE inflation data as it is the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) preferred inflation gauge. The inflation data will influence market expectations for the Fed’s monetary policy outlook.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
Risk for Australian Dollar (AUD) is on the downside vs US Dollar (USD), but any decline may not break the major support at 0.6280. In the longer run, AUD could edge lower, but it must break clearly below 0.6280 before a move to 0.6255 can be expected, UOB Group’s FX analysts Quek Ser Leang and Peter Chia note.
24-HOUR VIEW: "We did not expect AUD to drop to a low of 0.6296 yesterday (we were expecting range trading). Although the increase in downward momentum indicates downside risk today, any decline may break the major support at 0.6280. To sustain the momentum, AUD must not break above 0.6350 (minor resistance is at 0.6330)."
1-3 WEEKS VIEW: "Two days ago (25 Feb, spot at 0.6345), we revised our AUD view from positive to negative, indicating that the recent 'upward momentum has largely faded,' and AUD 'is likely to consolidate to between 0.6280 and 0.6410.' Yesterday, AUD fell to 0.6296, closing lower by 0.60% at 0.6305. There has been a tentative buildup in downward momentum, and AUD is likely to edge lower. However, it must break and hold below 0.6280 before a move to 0.6255 can be expected. The likelihood of AUD breaking clearly below 0.6280 will remain intact provided that the ‘strong resistance’ level at 0.6375 is not breached."
AUD/USD falls to near 0.6300 as the US Dollar (USD) extends its recovery. The United States (US) House of Representatives passed President Donald Trump’s tax cut bill, boosting the Greenback. Meanwhile, slower-than-expected inflation growth in Australia adds to the Aussie’s woes, following last week’s 25 basis points rate cut by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA).
AUD/USD sees moderate losses on Wednesday, with the Aussie near 0.6315 after a four-day losing streak. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) hovers in a neutral region but is declining sharply, suggesting a weakening bullish momentum. Meanwhile, the Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) histogram prints decreasing green bars, indicating a loss of upside traction.
Although the pair remains above the 20-day Simple Moving Average, failure to reclaim the 100-day SMA does not imply a major structural shift, and the Aussie may continue to trade within these moving average boundaries unless new data sparks a more decisive move.
Tariffs are customs duties levied on certain merchandise imports or a category of products. Tariffs are designed to help local producers and manufacturers be more competitive in the market by providing a price advantage over similar goods that can be imported. Tariffs are widely used as tools of protectionism, along with trade barriers and import quotas.
Although tariffs and taxes both generate government revenue to fund public goods and services, they have several distinctions. Tariffs are prepaid at the port of entry, while taxes are paid at the time of purchase. Taxes are imposed on individual taxpayers and businesses, while tariffs are paid by importers.
There are two schools of thought among economists regarding the usage of tariffs. While some argue that tariffs are necessary to protect domestic industries and address trade imbalances, others see them as a harmful tool that could potentially drive prices higher over the long term and lead to a damaging trade war by encouraging tit-for-tat tariffs.
During the run-up to the presidential election in November 2024, Donald Trump made it clear that he intends to use tariffs to support the US economy and American producers. In 2024, Mexico, China and Canada accounted for 42% of total US imports. In this period, Mexico stood out as the top exporter with $466.6 billion, according to the US Census Bureau. Hence, Trump wants to focus on these three nations when imposing tariffs. He also plans to use the revenue generated through tariffs to lower personal income taxes.
The AUD/USD pair falls significantly to near the round-level support of 0.6300 in the North American session on Wednesday. The Aussie pair is down almost 0.6% as the US Dollar (USD) recovers further as the Republicans-controlled-United States (US) House of Representatives passed President Donald Trump’s tax cut bill on Tuesday.
The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, extends its recovery to near 106.60. The USD Index rebounds in the Asian session after discovering buying interest near the 11-week low of around 106.10.
Investors expect President Trump’s $4.5 trillion tax cut bill to be pro-growth and inflationary for the economy. This scenario would force Federal Reserve (Fed) officials to maintain a restrictive monetary policy stance for longer.
To get cues about the current status of inflation, investors will focus on the US Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index (PCE) data for January, which will be released on Friday. The underlying inflation data, which is the Fed’s preferred inflation gauge, is expected to influence market speculation about the Fed’s monetary policy outlook. According to the CME FedWatch tool, the Fed is expected to keep interest rates steady in the range of 4.25%-4.50%.
Meanwhile, the Australian Dollar (AUD) underperforms its peers on softer-than-expected growth in the Australian Monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for January. Australian CPI rose by 2.5% year-on-year, slower than estimates of 2.6% but at a steady pace seen in December.
The table below shows the percentage change of Australian Dollar (AUD) against listed major currencies today. Australian Dollar was the strongest against the New Zealand Dollar.
USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USD | 0.23% | 0.07% | 0.28% | 0.21% | 0.46% | 0.42% | 0.25% | |
EUR | -0.23% | -0.15% | 0.05% | -0.02% | 0.24% | 0.19% | 0.02% | |
GBP | -0.07% | 0.15% | 0.19% | 0.15% | 0.40% | 0.35% | 0.19% | |
JPY | -0.28% | -0.05% | -0.19% | -0.07% | 0.18% | 0.13% | -0.01% | |
CAD | -0.21% | 0.02% | -0.15% | 0.07% | 0.25% | 0.21% | 0.06% | |
AUD | -0.46% | -0.24% | -0.40% | -0.18% | -0.25% | -0.04% | -0.19% | |
NZD | -0.42% | -0.19% | -0.35% | -0.13% | -0.21% | 0.04% | -0.15% | |
CHF | -0.25% | -0.02% | -0.19% | 0.01% | -0.06% | 0.19% | 0.15% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Australian Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent AUD (base)/USD (quote).
Last week, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) stated that the battle against inflation is far from over after reducing interest rates by 25 basis points (bps) to 4.1%.
Going forward, Trump’s tariff fears would keep the Aussie Dollar on its toes. Till now, Trump has imposed 10% tariffs on imports from China and has threatened a 100% levy on BRICS if they attempt to replace the US Dollar.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
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