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AUD/JPY retraces its recent losses registered in the previous day, trading around 99.40 during Wednesday’s European session. The hawkish sentiment surrounding the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) regarding its interest rate trajectory provides support for the Australian Dollar (AUD) and underpins the AUD/JPY cross.
However, the upside of the risk-sensitive Aussie Dollar could be retrained due to rising risk aversion sentiment amid escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. Iran launched over 200 ballistic missiles at Israel, prompting Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to vow retaliation against Tehran for the Tuesday attack. In response, Iran warned that any counterstrike would lead to "vast destruction," heightening concerns of a broader conflict, per Bloomberg.
The Japanese Yen (JPY) received downward pressure as the BoJ’s Summary of Opinions from September’s Monetary Policy Meeting indicates no immediate plans for additional rate hikes. The central bank intends to maintain its accommodative stance but remains open to adjustments if economic conditions show significant improvement.
Additionally, Japan's Economic Revitalization Minister Ryosei Akazawa stated on Wednesday that Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba anticipates the Bank of Japan will conduct thorough economic evaluations before raising interest rates again.
In his first news conference as the economy minister, Akazawa emphasized, "Our top priority is to ensure that Japan fully exits deflation," adding that "it will take some time to achieve a complete exit," according to Reuters.
Central Banks have a key mandate which is making sure that there is price stability in a country or region. Economies are constantly facing inflation or deflation when prices for certain goods and services are fluctuating. Constant rising prices for the same goods means inflation, constant lowered prices for the same goods means deflation. It is the task of the central bank to keep the demand in line by tweaking its policy rate. For the biggest central banks like the US Federal Reserve (Fed), the European Central Bank (ECB) or the Bank of England (BoE), the mandate is to keep inflation close to 2%.
A central bank has one important tool at its disposal to get inflation higher or lower, and that is by tweaking its benchmark policy rate, commonly known as interest rate. On pre-communicated moments, the central bank will issue a statement with its policy rate and provide additional reasoning on why it is either remaining or changing (cutting or hiking) it. Local banks will adjust their savings and lending rates accordingly, which in turn will make it either harder or easier for people to earn on their savings or for companies to take out loans and make investments in their businesses. When the central bank hikes interest rates substantially, this is called monetary tightening. When it is cutting its benchmark rate, it is called monetary easing.
A central bank is often politically independent. Members of the central bank policy board are passing through a series of panels and hearings before being appointed to a policy board seat. Each member in that board often has a certain conviction on how the central bank should control inflation and the subsequent monetary policy. Members that want a very loose monetary policy, with low rates and cheap lending, to boost the economy substantially while being content to see inflation slightly above 2%, are called ‘doves’. Members that rather want to see higher rates to reward savings and want to keep a lit on inflation at all time are called ‘hawks’ and will not rest until inflation is at or just below 2%.
Normally, there is a chairman or president who leads each meeting, needs to create a consensus between the hawks or doves and has his or her final say when it would come down to a vote split to avoid a 50-50 tie on whether the current policy should be adjusted. The chairman will deliver speeches which often can be followed live, where the current monetary stance and outlook is being communicated. A central bank will try to push forward its monetary policy without triggering violent swings in rates, equities, or its currency. All members of the central bank will channel their stance toward the markets in advance of a policy meeting event. A few days before a policy meeting takes place until the new policy has been communicated, members are forbidden to talk publicly. This is called the blackout period.
The AUD/JPY cross attracts buyers for the second straight day on Tuesday and climbs to the 99.75-99.80 region during the Asian session, closer to a technically significant 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA).
The Japanese Yen (JPY) continues to be undermined by comments from Japan's incoming Prime Minister (PM) Shigeru Ishiba, saying that the Bank of Japan's (BoJ) monetary policy must remain accommodative to underpin a fragile economic recovery. Furthermore, Ishiba said on Monday that he intends to call a general election on October 27, which overshadows mostly upbeat Japanese macro data and does little to provide any meaningful impetus to the JPY.
A government report published earlier today showed that Japan's Unemployment rate dropped to 2.5% in August from the 2.7% previous. Separately, a BoJ's Tankan survey indicated that sentiment among Japan's big manufacturers was steady and slight improvement in large non-manufacturers' mood during the third quarter. Meanwhile, BoJ's Summary of Opinions revealed that the central bank will adjust its accommodative stance if economic conditions improve.
The Australian Dollar (AUD), on the other hand, strengthened a bit following the release of domestic Retail Sales, which rose 0.7% in August as compared to a modest 0.1% increase in the previous month. This comes on top of the Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA) hawkish stance and the optimism over a slew of stimulus measures from China last week, which continues to benefit the Aussie and turns out to be a key factor acting as a tailwind for the AUD/JPY cross.
It, however, remains to be seen if bulls can build on the momentum or once again face rejection near the 100.00 psychological mark amid the growing market conviction that the BoJ will hike interest rates again by the end of this year. Furthermore, the formation of a 'Death Cross' on the daily chart – the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) crossing below the 200-day SMA – warrants caution before placing bullish bets around the AUD/JPY cross and positioning for further gains.
The Retail Sales data, released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics on a monthly basis, measures the value of goods sold by retailers in Australia. Changes in Retail Sales are widely followed as an indicator of consumer spending. Percent changes reflect the rate of changes in such sales, with the MoM reading comparing sales values in the reference month with the previous month. Generally, a high reading is seen as bullish for the Australian Dollar (AUD), while a low reading is seen as bearish.
Read more.Last release: Tue Oct 01, 2024 01:30
Frequency: Monthly
Actual: 0.7%
Consensus: 0.4%
Previous: 0%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics
The primary gauge of Australia’s consumer spending, the Retail Sales, is released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) about 35 days after the month ends. It accounts for approximately 80% of total retail turnover in the country and, therefore, has a significant bearing on inflation and GDP. This leading indicator has a direct correlation with inflation and the growth prospects, impacting the Reserve Bank of Australia’s (RBA) interest rates decision and AUD valuation. The stats bureau uses the forward factor method, ensuring that the seasonal factors are not distorted by COVID-19 impacts.
AUD/JPY gains ground, trading around 98.70 during the European session on Monday. This upside of the AUD/JPY cross is attributed to the Reserve Bank of Australia’s (RBA) hawkish stance contributing support to the Australian Dollar (AUD). The RBA kept its cash rate at 4.35% for a seventh consecutive meeting and stated that the policy would need to stay restrictive to ensure inflation slowed.
The AUD remains stronger despite the mixed Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) data from China, Australia’s largest trading partner. China's Caixin Manufacturing PMI fell to 49.3 in September, indicating contraction, down from 50.4 in August. Meanwhile, China’s NBS Manufacturing PMI improved to 49.8, up from 49.1 in the previous month and surpassing the market consensus of 49.5.
Additionally, the rising expectations that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) may continue its policy easing in November is improving the market sentiment and contributing support for the risk-sensitive Australian Dollar. The CME FedWatch Tool indicates that markets are assigning a 55.9% probability to a 25 basis point rate cut by the Federal Reserve in November.
The Japanese Yen (JPY) receives downward pressure due to the dovish comments from Japan's upcoming Prime Minister, former Defense Chief Shigeru Ishiba. Ishiba stated on Sunday that the country's monetary policy should continue to be accommodative, indicating the necessity of maintaining low borrowing costs to support a fragile economic recovery, according to The Japan Times.
On Monday, Japan's Retail Trade increased by 2.8% year-on-year in August, surpassing market expectations of 2.3% and slightly exceeding the upwardly revised 2.7% rise from the previous month. On a month-over-month basis, seasonally adjusted Retail Trade rose by 0.8%, marking the largest increase in three months, following a 0.2% gain in July.
Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary, Yoshimasa Hayashi, refrained from commenting on Monday's daily stock market fluctuations. Hayashi emphasized the importance of closely monitoring the economic and financial situation both domestically and internationally with a sense of urgency. He also noted the need for ongoing collaboration with the Bank of Japan.
Interest rates are charged by financial institutions on loans to borrowers and are paid as interest to savers and depositors. They are influenced by base lending rates, which are set by central banks in response to changes in the economy. Central banks normally have a mandate to ensure price stability, which in most cases means targeting a core inflation rate of around 2%. If inflation falls below target the central bank may cut base lending rates, with a view to stimulating lending and boosting the economy. If inflation rises substantially above 2% it normally results in the central bank raising base lending rates in an attempt to lower inflation.
Higher interest rates generally help strengthen a country’s currency as they make it a more attractive place for global investors to park their money.
Higher interest rates overall weigh on the price of Gold because they increase the opportunity cost of holding Gold instead of investing in an interest-bearing asset or placing cash in the bank. If interest rates are high that usually pushes up the price of the US Dollar (USD), and since Gold is priced in Dollars, this has the effect of lowering the price of Gold.
The Fed funds rate is the overnight rate at which US banks lend to each other. It is the oft-quoted headline rate set by the Federal Reserve at its FOMC meetings. It is set as a range, for example 4.75%-5.00%, though the upper limit (in that case 5.00%) is the quoted figure. Market expectations for future Fed funds rate are tracked by the CME FedWatch tool, which shapes how many financial markets behave in anticipation of future Federal Reserve monetary policy decisions.
AUD/JPY breaks its winning streak that began on September 16, trading around 98.60 during the early European session on Friday. The Japanese Yen (JPY) gains ground as former Defense Chief Shigeru Ishiba won the Liberal Democratic Party's (LDP) presidential election to become Japan's prime minister. However, the JPY received downward pressure due to the rising concerns over the Bank of Japan’s (BoJ) interest rates outlook.
On Friday, The Tokyo Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 2.2% year-over-year in September, down from a 2.6% rise in August. Meanwhile, the CPI excluding fresh food and energy climbed 1.6% YoY in September, unchanged from the previous reading. The CPI excluding fresh food increased 2.0% as expected, compared to the previous rise of 2.4%.
The AUD/JPY cross may receive upward support following the news of further stimulus from China, its largest trading partner, along with the dovish Federal Reserve’s (Fed) policy outlook, which lifted market sentiment for riskier currencies like the Australian Dollar (AUD).
Australian Treasurer Jim Chalmers is currently in China to strengthen economic ties between the two nations. During his visit, Chalmers held candid and productive discussions with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). He highlighted China's economic slowdown as a key factor in weaker global growth while welcoming the country's new stimulus measures as a "really welcome development."
Interest rates are charged by financial institutions on loans to borrowers and are paid as interest to savers and depositors. They are influenced by base lending rates, which are set by central banks in response to changes in the economy. Central banks normally have a mandate to ensure price stability, which in most cases means targeting a core inflation rate of around 2%. If inflation falls below target the central bank may cut base lending rates, with a view to stimulating lending and boosting the economy. If inflation rises substantially above 2% it normally results in the central bank raising base lending rates in an attempt to lower inflation.
Higher interest rates generally help strengthen a country’s currency as they make it a more attractive place for global investors to park their money.
Higher interest rates overall weigh on the price of Gold because they increase the opportunity cost of holding Gold instead of investing in an interest-bearing asset or placing cash in the bank. If interest rates are high that usually pushes up the price of the US Dollar (USD), and since Gold is priced in Dollars, this has the effect of lowering the price of Gold.
The Fed funds rate is the overnight rate at which US banks lend to each other. It is the oft-quoted headline rate set by the Federal Reserve at its FOMC meetings. It is set as a range, for example 4.75%-5.00%, though the upper limit (in that case 5.00%) is the quoted figure. Market expectations for future Fed funds rate are tracked by the CME FedWatch tool, which shapes how many financial markets behave in anticipation of future Federal Reserve monetary policy decisions.
The AUD/JPY pair rises further to near 99.60 in Thursday’s European session. The cross extends its winning spell for the ninth trading day on Thursday as the Australian Dollar (AUD) performs strongly on multiple tailwinds such as: Reserve Bank of Australia’s (RBA) hawkish interest rate outlook and China’s larger-than-expected monetary stimulus.
After leaving the Official Cash Rate (OCR) unchanged at 4.35% on Tuesday, the comments from the RBA indicated that it is unlikely to start reducing interest rates this year due to sticky price pressures and upbeat labor market health.
In addition to the RBA’s hawkish guidance, the announcement of a slew of stimulus packages by China has also strengthened the AUD’s outlook. It is worth noting that the Australia is the leading trading partner of China and an attempt to revive the Chinese economy will have a positive impact on the Australian Dollar.
Meanwhile, the Japanese Yen (JPY) will be guided by the Tokyo Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for August, which will be published on Friday. The Tokyo CPI excluding Fresh Food is estimated to have grown by 2%, slower than 2.4% in July. This would dampen market expectations for the Bank of Japan (BoJ) to hike interest rates further.
AUD/JPY gathers strength to break above the horizontal resistance plotted from September 2 high of 99.87 on a daily timeframe. Given a nine-day winning spree, the risk-barometer would thrash the immediate resistance. Upward-sloping 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) near 97.40 suggests that the near-term trend is bullish.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) has climbed above 60.00. A bullish momentum would trigger if the oscillator sustains above the same.
Going forward, a decisive break above September 2 high of 99.87 will result in further upside in the asset towards the psychological resistance of 100.00 and July 30 high of 101.78.
On the flip side, a downside move below September 25 low of 98.50 would drag the asset towards the 20-day EMA, which is currently trading around 97.40, followed by September 12 high near 95.70.
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
The AUD/JPY cross attracts some dip-buying during the Asian session on Thursday and jumps back above the 99.00 mark in the last hour, though remains below over a three-week top touched the previous day.
The Australian Dollar (AUD) continues to draw support from a more hawkish stance adopted by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). In fact, the Australian central bank reiterated on Tuesday that policy will need to be restrictive until confidence returns that inflation is moving sustainably towards the target range. Adding to this, RBA Governor Michele Bullock stated that the recent data has not significantly influenced the policy outlook.
Moreover, the latest consumer inflation figures released on Wednesday showed that the core CPI remains above the RBA's 2-3% target band and is not enough to justify rate cuts in the near term. Meanwhile, the RBA's semi-annual Financial Stability Review (FSR) revealed that the risk of widespread financial stress remains limited. Furthermore, a positive risk tone undermines the safe-haven Japanese Yen (JPY) and benefits the risk-sensitive Aussie.
That said, growing acceptance that the Bank of Japan (BoJ) will hike interest rates again by the end of this year should help limit deeper JPY losses and keep a lid on the AUD/JPY cross. The bets were reaffirmed by the BoJ meeting minutes released earlier today, which showed that board members shared a view over the need for vigilance to the risk of inflation overshoot and that it was appropriate to adjust the degree of monetary support moderately.
Even from a technical perspective, the formation of a 'Death Cross' on the daily chart – with the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) crossing below the very important 200-day SMA – warrants some caution for bullish traders. Hence, any subsequent move up is more likely to confront stiff resistance and remain capped near the 100.00 psychological mark, or the 200-day SMA, which should now act as a key pivotal point for the AUD/JPY cross.
The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the Japanese central bank, which sets monetary policy in the country. Its mandate is to issue banknotes and carry out currency and monetary control to ensure price stability, which means an inflation target of around 2%.
The Bank of Japan has embarked in an ultra-loose monetary policy since 2013 in order to stimulate the economy and fuel inflation amid a low-inflationary environment. The bank’s policy is based on Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE), or printing notes to buy assets such as government or corporate bonds to provide liquidity. In 2016, the bank doubled down on its strategy and further loosened policy by first introducing negative interest rates and then directly controlling the yield of its 10-year government bonds.
The Bank’s massive stimulus has caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process has exacerbated more recently due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which have opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation. The BoJ’s policy of holding down rates has led to a widening differential with other currencies, dragging down the value of the Yen.
A weaker Yen and the spike in global energy prices have led to an increase in Japanese inflation, which has exceeded the BoJ’s 2% target. With wage inflation becoming a cause of concern, the BoJ looks to move away from ultra loose policy, while trying to avoid slowing the activity too much.
The AUD/JPY cross trades with a positive bias during the Asian session on Wednesday and is currently placed just below the 99.00 mark, or over a three-week top touched the previous day. The mixed fundamental backdrop, meanwhile, warrants some caution for bullish traders and before positioning for an extension of the recent upward trajectory witnessed over the past two weeks or so.
Against the backdrop of bets for a more aggressive policy easing by the Federal Reserve (Fed), China's new stimulus measures to support the faltering economy boost investors' appetite for riskier assets. This is evident from the prevalent upbeat mood across the global equity markets, which is seen undermining the safe-haven Japanese Yen (JPY) and benefiting the risk-sensitive Aussie. Apart from this, the Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA) hawkish stance acts as a tailwind for the AUD/JPY cross.
The Australian central bank reiterated on Tuesday that policy will need to be restrictive until confidence returns that inflation is moving sustainably towards the target range. Adding to this, RBA Governor Michele Bullock stated that the recent data has not significantly influenced the policy outlook. That said, official data released earlier today showed that Australian Consumer Price Inflation (CPI) dropped in August, to its lowest level since early 2022 due to state government rebates.
In fact, the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported that the headline CPI rose at an annual pace of 2.7% in August, down sharply from 3.5% in July. Meanwhile, core CPI decelerated to the 3.4% YoY rate from 3.8%, though remains above the RBA's 2-3% target band and is not enough to justify rate cuts in the near term. However, expectations that the Bank of Japan (BoJ) will hike interest rates again by the end of this year limit the JPY losses and should cap any further gains for the AUD/JPY cross.
Investors now look forward to the release of BoJ meeting minutes on Thursday, which, along with the broader risk sentiment, will drive the JPY demand and provide a fresh impetus to the AUD/JPY cross. From a technical perspective, a sustained move above the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) could be seen as a fresh trigger for bullish traders. That said, any subsequent move up is likely to remain capped near the 100.00 psychological mark, representing the 200-day SMA.
The Monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI), released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics on a monthly basis, measures the changes in the price of a fixed basket of goods and services acquired by household consumers. The indicator was developed to provide inflation data at a higher frequency than the quarterly CPI. The YoY reading compares prices in the reference month to the same month a year earlier. A high reading is seen as bullish for the Australian Dollar (AUD), while a low reading is seen as bearish.
Read more.Last release: Wed Sep 25, 2024 01:30
Frequency: Monthly
Actual: 2.7%
Consensus: 2.8%
Previous: 3.5%
Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics
The AUD/JPY cross trades with a mild positive bias during the Asian session on Tuesday and climbs to a three-week top, around the 98.75-98.80 region after the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) announced its policy decision. Spot prices now look to build on the recent move up beyond the 50-day Simple Moving Average (SMA).
As was widely expected, the Australian central bank decided to stand pat for the seventh straight meeting and hold the Official Cash Rate (OCR) steady at 4.35% at its September policy meeting. In the accompanying policy statement, the RBA stuck to its hawkish stance and reiterated that policy will need to be sufficiently restrictive until confidence returns that inflation is moving sustainably towards the target range. This, along with a surprise move by the People's Bank of China (PBOC) on Monday, to lower its 14-day repo rate by 10 basis points to stimulate the economic recovery, continues to underpin the Australian Dollar (AUD) and lend support to the AUD/JPY cross.
Meanwhile, the underlying bullish sentiment across the global financial markets is seen undermining the safe-haven Japanese Yen (JPY) and turning out to be another factor acting as a tailwind for spot prices. That said, growing acceptance that the Bank of Japan (BoJ) will raise interest rates again by the end of this year, bolstered by last week's data showing that Japan's core inflation rose for the fourth consecutive month, should help limit the JPY losses. Apart from this, persistent geopolitical risk might further contribute to capping gains for the AUD/JPY cross.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) announces its interest rate decision at the end of its eight scheduled meetings per year. If the RBA is hawkish about the inflationary outlook of the economy and raises interest rates it is usually bullish for the Australian Dollar (AUD). Likewise, if the RBA has a dovish view on the Australian economy and keeps interest rates unchanged, or cuts them, it is seen as bearish for AUD.
Read more.Last release: Tue Sep 24, 2024 04:30
Frequency: Irregular
Actual: 4.35%
Consensus: 4.35%
Previous: 4.35%
Source: Reserve Bank of Australia
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