Market news
02.02.2024, 12:30

US Dollar has meltdown ahead of US Jobs Report

  • The US Dollar breaks lower on Thursday after jobless data starts to turn ugly.
  • Traders watch as the Greenback capitulates ahead of the US Nonfarm payrolls print. 
  • The US Dollar Index sinks below 103 and could head to 102. 

The US Dollar (USD) is getting hammered after a very choppy Thursday where three key elements were enough to punish the Greenback. The first of these was a headline from the US Defense saying that plans had been approved for strikes in Iraq, according to CBS. The second element was a more than double positive print in the US Challenger Job Cuts number which shows the number of layoffs is picking up. Add to that both the Initial and Continuing Weekly jobless Claims ticking up as well, and it could be an early sign that the job market is starting to turn. 

On the economic front, traders are bracing for two big elements this Friday: the US Jobs Report is the first, where the Nonfarm Payroll Change number will be of importance. Though traders will also look at the Unemployment Rate and the Average Hourly Earnings numbers as well, to further get confirmation after the jobless data from Thursday, as to whether economic growth in the US is starting to turn. To close off this Friday, the University of Michigan is set to publish its Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index. 

Daily digest market movers: NFP Friday ease start

  • Markets will be on the lookout for any headlines on a possible ceasefire in the Middle East or other headlines that could point to military actions from the US against Iraq or Houthi rebels. 
  • At 13:30 GMT the US Jobs Report for January will be released:
    • Nonfarm Payrolls is expected to head from 216,000 to 180,000.
    • Average Hourly Earnings are expected to head from 0.4% to 0.3% MoM.
    • Yearly Average Earnings are seen unchanged at 4.1%.
    • The US Unemployment rate should head from 3.7% to 3.8%.
  • At 15:00 GMT the University of Michigan will release its numbers for January:
    • Consumer Sentiment is expected to head from 78.8 to 78.9.
    • Inflation Expectations were at 2.8% for the previous number, no expectations pencilled in. 
  • Equity markets are mildly in the green ahead of the US Jobs Reports with both Japanese indices up near 0.50%. European equities are doing great as well with both the German Dax and the Euro Stoxx 50 up near 1%. US Futures are already in the green with the Nasdaq even up near 1%.
  • The CME Group’s FedWatch Tool is now looking at the March 20th meeting. Expectations for a pause are 63.5%, while 36.5% for a rate cut. 
  • The benchmark 10-year US Treasury Note trades substantially lower to 3.89%, and even dipped to 3.81% on Thursday. 

US Dollar Index Technical Analysis: US Jobs could get ugly

The US Dollar Index (DXY) underwent a meltdown on Thursday evening and went from nearly reaching 104 to breaking below 103. The mix of a pickup in jobless data together with headlines on approval for US strikes in Iraq and Syria has pushed traders away from the Greenback. Should the US Jobs Report this afternoon prove that employment is starting to stall in the US, the Greenback might be in for more downturn with the DXY heading to 102. 

Should the US Dollar Index be able to recover Thursday’s losses and break away from the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 103.55, traders should look to the 100-day SMA near 104.30 as the next level. Should the US Jobs Report see its components all fall in favor of more US Dollar strength, however, expect to see another jump higher to 105.12. That would mean a fresh three-month-high for the DXY. 

The 55-day SMA at 103 is under pressure and has already been breached earlier this Friday. Should that last level snap, a nosedive move to 102.00 could very well be in the cards here. Certainly should the US Jobs Report reveal a negative print expect to see substantial US Dollar weakness. 

Nonfarm Payrolls FAQs

What are Nonfarm Payrolls?

Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) are part of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics monthly jobs report. The Nonfarm Payrolls component specifically measures the change in the number of people employed in the US during the previous month, excluding the farming industry.

How does Nonfarm Payrolls influence the Federal Reserve monetary policy decisions?

The Nonfarm Payrolls figure can influence the decisions of the Federal Reserve by providing a measure of how successfully the Fed is meeting its mandate of fostering full employment and 2% inflation.
A relatively high NFP figure means more people are in employment, earning more money and therefore probably spending more. A relatively low Nonfarm Payrolls’ result, on the either hand, could mean people are struggling to find work.
The Fed will typically raise interest rates to combat high inflation triggered by low unemployment, and lower them to stimulate a stagnant labor market.

How does Nonfarm Payrolls affect the US Dollar?

Nonfarm Payrolls generally have a positive correlation with the US Dollar. This means when payrolls’ figures come out higher-than-expected the USD tends to rally and vice versa when they are lower.
NFPs influence the US Dollar by virtue of their impact on inflation, monetary policy expectations and interest rates. A higher NFP usually means the Federal Reserve will be more tight in its monetary policy, supporting the USD.

How does Nonfarm Payrolls affect Gold?

Nonfarm Payrolls are generally negatively-correlated with the price of Gold. This means a higher-than-expected payrolls’ figure will have a depressing effect on the Gold price and vice versa.
Higher NFP generally has a positive effect on the value of the USD, and like most major commodities Gold is priced in US Dollars. If the USD gains in value, therefore, it requires less Dollars to buy an ounce of Gold.
Also, higher interest rates (typically helped higher NFPs) also lessen the attractiveness of Gold as an investment compared to staying in cash, where the money will at least earn interest.

Sometimes Nonfarm Payrolls trigger an opposite reaction than what the market expects. Why is that?

Nonfarm Payrolls is only one component within a bigger jobs report and it can be overshadowed by the other components.
At times, when NFP come out higher-than-forecast, but the Average Weekly Earnings is lower than expected, the market has ignored the potentially inflationary effect of the headline result and interpreted the fall in earnings as deflationary.
The Participation Rate and the Average Weekly Hours components can also influence the market reaction, but only in seldom events like the “Great Resignation” or the Global Financial Crisis.

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