Market news
21.12.2023, 10:30

Euro ticks lower as market braces for US PCE inflation data

  • The Euro is trading with a moderate bearish tone, yet still within previous ranges around 1.0950. 
  • Risk appetite has faded on Thursday, increasing pressure on the Euro.
  • The focus is now on the US PCE Price Index for more cues on the Fed’s policy outlook.

The Euro (EUR) is trading with a moderate bearish tone at the mid-range of 1.0900 on Thursday’s European morning session. The negative market mood, reflected by the negative opening on European stock markets and investors’ caution ahead of the US Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index is weighing on the common currency.

European Central Bank (ECB) Vice-President Luis De Guindos has reaffirmed President Christine Lagarde’s hawkish position, playing down any possibility of monetary easing, although the recent macroeconomic data show otherwise.

Data released on Tuesday showed that Eurozone construction output declined, adding to evidence that the region’s economy is stuttering. Beyond that, the German Federation of Industries (BDI) warned that the Eurozone’s largest economy is heading for a recession, which has increased pressure on the Euro.

The focus is now shifting towards an array of key US indicators. Today, the Initial Jobless Claims and the final reading of the Q3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) might provide some guidance to US Dollar crosses. The highlight of the week, however, is the PCE Price Index, which will be analyzed in detail to assess the timing for the first Federal Reserve’s (Fed) rate cuts.

Daily digest market movers: Euro treads water as market braces for US data

  • The Euro has lost steam, although it maintains its broader positive bias intact, with bears contained well above the 1.0880 support area.
     
  • ECB Vice-President De Guindos acknowledges a clear downtrend in inflation but affirms that is too early to talk about rate cuts.
     
  • Market sentiment deteriorated on Wednesday, and the risk-averse mood has extended into the Asian and European sessions, providing some support to the safe-haven USD.
     
  • The Greenback, however, remains depressed, with the US bond yields near multi-month lows on hopes of Fed cuts in early 2024.
     
  • Investors are pricing a nearly 75% chance of a quarter-point rate cut in March followed by another one in May, according to data by the CME Group Fed Watch Tool.
     
  • In the calendar today, US GDP is expected to confirm a 5.2% annualized growth in the third quarter, and Initial Jobless claims are seen growing to 220K from 202K in the previous week.
     
  • The main focus, however, is the US PCE Prices Index, due on Friday. The Fed’s preferred inflation measure is seen dipping below the 3% year-on-year rate for the first time in almost three years. A soft PCE inflation reading would increase bearish pressure on the USD.

Technical Analysis: Euro fluctuates around 1.0950 ahead of US PCE Inflation data

The Euro is trading without a clear direction around the 1.0950 level, with a moderate bearish tone on Thursday as the risk appetite seen earlier this week faded. 

The pair has been looking for direction after rejection at levels right below
1.1000, with US Dollar weakness keeping the common currency from a deeper correction so far.

From a wider perspective, the broader trend remains bullish, although resistance at the 1.1010 area is likely to be a serious obstacle. Above here, the next targets would be the August high at 1.1060, and the July 24 and 27 high at 1.1150.

To the downside, the pair should break the 1.0880 and the 4-hour 100 Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 1.0870 to increase bearish pressure. In this scenario, bears’ focus could shift towards 1.0825 on the way to December lows at 1.0715.

 

Euro FAQs

What is the Euro?

The Euro is the currency for the 20 European Union countries that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world behind the US Dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion a day.
EUR/USD is the most heavily traded currency pair in the world, accounting for an estimated 30% off all transactions, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).

What is the ECB and how does it impact the Euro?

The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy.
The ECB’s primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its primary tool is the raising or lowering of interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the Euro and vice versa.
The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.

How does inflation data impact the value of the Euro?

Eurozone inflation data, measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric for the Euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if above the ECB’s 2% target, it obliges the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control.
Relatively high interest rates compared to its counterparts will usually benefit the Euro, as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.

How does economic data influence the value of the Euro?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact on the Euro. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, employment, and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency.
A strong economy is good for the Euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the ECB to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen the Euro. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Euro is likely to fall.
Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are especially significant, as they account for 75% of the Eurozone’s economy.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Euro?

Another significant data release for the Euro is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period.
If a country produces highly sought after exports then its currency will gain in value purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

Economic Indicator

United States Personal Consumption Expenditures - Price Index (YoY)

The Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE), released by the US Bureau of Economic Analysis on a monthly basis, measures the changes in the prices of goods and services purchased by consumers in the United States (US). The YoY reading compares prices in the reference month to a year earlier. Price changes may cause consumers to switch from buying one good to another and the PCE Deflator can account for such substitutions. This makes it the preferred measure of inflation for the Federal Reserve. Generally, a high reading is bullish for the US Dollar (USD), while a low reading is bearish.

Read more.

Next release: 12/22/2023 13:30:00 GMT

Frequency: Monthly

Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

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