Market news
15.11.2023, 08:01

Pound Sterling pares recent gains on softer-than-expected UK inflation

  • Pound Sterling hovers near a two-month high around 1.2500 amid an upbeat market mood.
  • UK inflation decelerated morde than expected in October.
  • UK annual headline inflation fell below 5% for the first time in two years.

The Pound Sterling (GBP) faced a nominal sell-off after refreshing a two-month high as price pressures in the UK economy softened significantly in October. Annual headline Consumer Price Index (CPI) grew at a slower pace of 4.6%, adding to signs that UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak will be able to fulfill his promise of halving inflation by the year-end. Meanwhile, the UK Producer Price Index (PPI) fell, suggesting that goods producers were forced to cut prices at factory gates due to a poor demand outlook.

The GBP/USD pair surrendered nominal gains after a soft inflation report but broader demand is strong due to the improved risk-appetite of the market participants. The appeal for risk-perceived assets increased significantly after easing consumer inflation in the US economy and elevated hopes of no more interest rate increases from the Federal Reserve (Fed).

Daily Digest Market Movers: Pound Sterling remains broadly upbeat on soft US Dollar

  • Pound Sterling faces some selling pressure as the UK Office for National Statistics (ONS) has reported that inflation has eased significantly in October.
  • The appeal for the Pound Sterling is upbeat as the market sentiment is bullish amid easing price pressures in the US economy.
  • Monthly headline inflation in the UK economy remained stagnant in October while investors anticipated a nominal growth of 0.1%. In September, headline inflation grew strongly by 0.5%. The annual headline CPI rose by 4.6%, slower than the consensus of 4.8% and the former reading of 6.7%.
  • This indicates that the promise made by UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak to halve inflation to 5.4% by the year-end has been fulfilled. Sunak promised to halve inflation in January when price growth was near 10.7%.
  • The core CPI that excludes volatile food and Oil prices has softened to 5.7% against expectations of 5.8% and the prior reading of 6.1%.
  • It is worth noting that the annual Producer Price Index (PPI) deflated in October, which indicates that firms have reduced prices of goods and services offered at factory gates due to poor demand from domestic and overseas markets.
  • The monthly Retail Price Index surprisingly contracted by 0.2% while investors forecasted a sharp growth of 6.4%.
  • A record decline in price pressures in October conveys that the Bank of England (BoE) may not need to raise interest rates further.
  • On Tuesday, BoE Chief Economist Huw Pill cited that further policy tightening is not needed to tame inflationary pressures but the BoE is prepared if needed. He further added that the BoE must focus on inflation, not tackling other issues in the UK economy.
  • BoE policymakers could discuss cutting rates earlier as the UK labor market is facing the wrath of higher interest rates.
  • On Tuesday, the UK laborforce shed workers for the third time in a row as firms have witnessed a sharp decline in new business. The Unemployment Rate remained unchanged at 4.2%.
  • UK employers are pessimistic about the near-term environment as they expect the BoE to keep interest rates higher at least until mid-2024..
  • Meanwhile, The US Dollar Index (DXY) hovers near a two-month low around 104.00 as the US inflation softened at a faster pace in October due to a sharp sell-off in the global Oil prices. 10-year US Treasury yields have fallen to near 4.44%.
  • Investors expect that the rate-tightening campaign by the Federal Reserve (Fed) has concluded.
  • While US inflation softened in October, Richmond Fed Bank President Thomas Barkin said that the central bank is making real progress on inflation but is not convinced inflation is on a smooth glide path to 2%. Barkin warned that the Fed needs to do more to curb demand and inflation.

Technical Analysis: Pound Sterling climbs to near 1.2500

Pound Sterling prints a fresh two-month high near the crucial resistance of 1.2500 on improved market sentiment. The GBP/USD pair rallies after testing the breakout region of the symmetrical triangle formed on a daily time frame. The Cable has climbed above the 200-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which indicates that the near-term demand has turned upbeat.

Pound Sterling FAQs

What is the Pound Sterling?

The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data.
Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, aka ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

How do the decisions of the Bank of England impact on the Pound Sterling?

The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates.
When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money.
When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

How does economic data influence the value of the Pound?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP.
A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Pound?

Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period.
If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

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