Gold price (XAU/USD) clings to gains backed by a correction in the US Dollar and Treasury yields, which are due to falling expectations of one more interest rate increase from the Federal Reserve (Fed). The precious metal remains upbeat ahead of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for September, which will be published at 12:30 GMT.
While the majority of Fed policymakers favored an additional interest rate hike ahead as per FOMC minutes, rising long-term Treasury yields have forced them to support keeping interest rates steady. Higher bond yields are expected to slow down the pace of spending and investment. At this point of time, when inflation is consistently falling and Middle East tensions are deepening, risks of under-tightening would be lower than the consequences of tightening too much.
Gold price jumps to near $1,880.00 on Thursday as hawkish Fed bets swiftly fade away. The precious metal registers a fresh two-week high and is gathering strength for further upside. The yellow metal climbs above the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) around $1,872.00, which indicates that the short-term trend has turned bullish. The broader Gold price outlook is bearish as the 50 and 200-day EMAs have already delivered a Death Cross.
Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.
Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it.
Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.
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