The Pound Sterling (GBP) continues its rally into a sixth day on Wednesday as investors shift their focus to United Kingdom factory data for August, which will be published on Thursday. The GBP/USD pair capitalizes on hawkish guidance from Bank of England (BoE) policymaker Katherine Mann and upbeat market sentiment. The Pound Sterling has performed better against the US Dollar as market participants are not expecting a further widening of the policy divergence between the BoE and the Federal Reserve (Fed).
UK economic activities have been facing the wrath of higher interest rates. Factory activities for August are expected to continue their contracting spell as the weak demand environment has dented the domestic and overseas markets. In addition to that, UK firms have cut their inventory backlog heavily, as well as labor to achieve efficiency in operations. They appear reluctant to add capacity due to higher borrowing costs.
Pound Sterling recorded a five-day winning streak through Tuesday, and that record of gains appears to be continuing on Wednesday as well. GBP/USD is expected to continue the same as the risk appetite of market participants has improved. The GBP/USD pair climbs above the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades around 1.2273. The broader GBP/USD outlook is bearish as the 50 and 200-day Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) have delivered a Death Cross near 1.2450. Potential support is placed around 1.2000.
Monetary policy in the US is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, it raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs throughout the economy. This results in a stronger US Dollar (USD) as it makes the US a more attractive place for international investors to park their money.
When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing, which weighs on the Greenback.
The Federal Reserve (Fed) holds eight policy meetings a year, where the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) assesses economic conditions and makes monetary policy decisions.
The FOMC is attended by twelve Fed officials – the seven members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the remaining eleven regional Reserve Bank presidents, who serve one-year terms on a rotating basis.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve may resort to a policy named Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used during crises or when inflation is extremely low. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy high grade bonds from financial institutions. QE usually weakens the US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process of QE, whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing, to purchase new bonds. It is usually positive for the value of the US Dollar.
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