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- US Dollar steady with markets awaiting US jobs report
US Dollar steady with markets awaiting US jobs report
- US Dollar price action expected to stay fairly muted at the start of Friday.
- US Nonfarm Payrolls and ISM Manufacturing are bound to make waves.
- The US Dollar Index is off its weekly low, though any headwind could snap the summer rally in the Greenback.
The US Dollar (USD) is at a make-or-break moment as the scale has been reset to even after a volatile week where data points whiplashed the Greenback back and forth . Traders looking back to assess the possible outcome at the end of this Friday will have seen that Wednesday’s data with JOLTS and GDP missing estimates made the scale tip in favor of a weaker US Dollar and quicker rate cuts from the US Federal Reserve. The scale got completely tipped to the other side on Thursday where the preferred inflation gauge of the Fed – the Personal Consumption Expenditures index (PCE) – proved that inflationary forces are still present.
With the US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) number for August and the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) printing its Manufacturing numbers, traders will get a clear picture of where the scale will tip to at the end of this eventful week. The change in the NFP will be the crucial factor, and expectations are that it will land somewhere between 120k and 230k. Any print lower than 120k will be seen as a contraction and thus raise bets for quicker rate cuts and a weaker US Dollar as a result. Any number above 230k will be seen as a tight labor market, which would confirm the stance of the Fed in not cutting interest rates anytime soon. This would then result in a firmly stronger Greenback.
Daily digest: US Dollar faces moment of truth
- The US jobs report exists out of several key components. Here are the ones you need to look out for at 12:30 GMT: The change in the NFP is expected to head from the previous 187k to 170k. The average MoM Hourly Earnings change is expected to slow down a touch from 0.4% to 0.3%. The overall unemployment rate is expected to stay steady at 3.5%.
- Around 13:45 GMT, the S&P Global Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) wil be released for the month of August. Expectations are for an unchanged print at 47, which means a contractionary posture remains.
- Final confirmation from the earlier move on the back of the US Nonfarm Payrolls will come from the ISM Manufacturing PMI for August, which is expected to head from 46.4 to 47. This amounts to a continuation within contraction territory. The Employment Index is expected to stay steady from 44.4 to 44.2 for the next month. The New Orders Index is forecast to head from 47.3 to 46.3; and, the Prices Paid Index from 42.6 to 43.9.
- A similar picture to Thursday unfolds in the equity markets with the Japanese Topix index closes at +0.76%. The Hong Kong Hang Seng heads lower by 0.5%. European and US equities are marginally higher but looking for direction.
- The CME Group’s FedWatch Tool shows that markets are pricing in an 89% chance that the Federal Reserve will keep interest rates unchanged at its meeting in September. The prior 78% probability was quickly reassessed after the downbeat data from the JOLTS report.
- The benchmark 10-year US Treasury bond yield trades at 4.10% and has halted its decline from earlier this week.
US Dollar Index technical analysis: left or right
The US Dollar is not expected to make any moves until the main event this Friday – the August NFP. A very tight range is expected with possibly a mild tone of US Dollar weakness triggered by a handful of traders that will be trying to pre-position with the idea that the NFP will be weaker. This is due to earlier this week when the ADP private payrolls number was weaker as well. Support at 103 is there and will either trigger another bounce or break and see a lower US Dollar Index for the coming weeks.
On the upside, 103.74, the high of August 31, comes into play as the level to beat in order to halt this downturn. Once that level is broken and consolidated, look for a surge to 104.00, where 104.35 (the peak of August 29) is an ideal candidate for a double top. Should the Greenback go on a tear, expect a test at 104.47 – the six-month high.
On the downside, the summer rally of the DXY is set to be broken as only one element now supports the US Dollar. That is the 200-day SMA, and it could mean substantially more weakness to come once the DXY starts trading further below it. The double belt of support at 102.38 with both the 100-day and the 55-day SMA are the last lines of defence before the US Dollar sees substantial and longer-term devaluation.
US Dollar FAQs
What is the US Dollar?
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022.
Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
How do the decisions of the Federal Reserve impact the US Dollar?
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates.
When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
What is Quantitative Easing and how does it influence the US Dollar?
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system.
It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
What is Quantitative Tightening and how does it influence the US Dollar?
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
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