The Pound Sterling (GBP) drops as the upside seems restricted amid caution among market participants ahead of the United Kingdom’s inflation data. The GBP/USD pair struggles in finding a key trigger and has been oscillating near 1.3100. The current volatility squeeze is expected to be followed by an explosion once inflation data is published on Wednesday. UK producer prices have recently eased, as did household demand for big-ticket items, but inflation for consumers has proven to be more persistent than initially expected.
The consequences of the United Kingdom's higher inflation have been widening their scope and the impact of the drop in sales of big-ticket items and the housing sector is expanding to labor market conditions. Wages might fail in maintaining their steady pace and the employment generation process is likely to slow as firms are postponing their expansion plans to avoid higher interest-payment obligations.
Pound Sterling is still testing its strength in the breakout of the Rising Channel pattern formed on the daily chart by a marginal correction. A breakout of this pattern indicates immense strength in the upside momentum. Upward-sloping short-to-long-term daily Exponential Moving Averages (EMAs) also indicate firmness for Pound Sterling bulls.
Momentum oscillators are in the bullish trajectory, showing no signs of divergence or any evidence of an oversold situation.
The Bank of England (BoE) decides monetary policy for the United Kingdom. Its primary goal is to achieve ‘price stability’, or a steady inflation rate of 2%. Its tool for achieving this is via the adjustment of base lending rates. The BoE sets the rate at which it lends to commercial banks and banks lend to each other, determining the level of interest rates in the economy overall. This also impacts the value of the Pound Sterling (GBP).
When inflation is above the Bank of England’s target it responds by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is positive for the Pound Sterling because higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls below target, it is a sign economic growth is slowing, and the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit in the hope businesses will borrow to invest in growth-generating projects – a negative for the Pound Sterling.
In extreme situations, the Bank of England can enact a policy called Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the BoE substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. QE is a last resort policy when lowering interest rates will not achieve the necessary result. The process of QE involves the BoE printing money to buy assets – usually government or AAA-rated corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Pound Sterling.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE, enacted when the economy is strengthening and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the Bank of England (BoE) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to encourage them to lend; in QT, the BoE stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive for the Pound Sterling.
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